FORMATION

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I play I do not / don’t play Do I play?
You play You do not / don’t play Do you play?
He plays He does not / doesn’t play Does he play?
She plays She does not / doesn’t play Does she play?
It plays It does not / doesn’t play Does it play?
We play We do not / don’t play Do we play?
You play You do not / don’t play Do you play?
They play They do not / don’t play Do they play?
What do you do?
Where do you work?
What time do you work?

In this case we provide a complete answer.

How much do they cost? I don’t know.

What time do you work? I work at 10 o’clock.
Where do you live? I live in Chile.
3rd person singular NEGATIVE and
INTERROGATIVE

NEGATIVE:
We use the auxiliary verb DOES + NOT or DOESN’T
“She does not play the guitar”
“He doesn’t speak very much”

INTERROGATIVE: 
We use the auxiliary DOES before the subject

“Does she play the guitar?”

“Does he speak three languages?”
The spelling for the verb in the third person differs
depending on the ending of that verb:

1. For verbs that end in –s, -z -x, -ss, -sh, -ch, -o,
we add -es in the third person.
buzz – buzzes catch – catches wash – washes
kiss – kisses fix – fixes go – goes

2. For verbs that end in a consonant + y, we remove

the y and add -ies.
marry – marries study – studies carry – carries

NOTE: For verbs that end in a vowel + y, we just

add -s.
play – plays enjoy – enjoys say – says
Present Simple is used for the following purposes:

o routines, habits, repeated actions

o permanent or long lasting situations
o general truths, facts
o timetables and schedules, official plans (future
events that are scheduled)
o in jokes and story telling
o with stative verbs
o routines, repeated actions
o He eats rice for breakfast.

o permanent situations
o My friend speaks four languages.

o facts, general truths

o The sun sets in the west.
o Water boils at 100° Celsius

o official plans (future events that are scheduled)

o The train departs in 10 minutes.

o in jokes and story telling

o In his new film Robert Redford plays the part of a
brave cowboy
o with stative verbs
We use the present simple for many verbs
of thinking, feeling and sensing. This verbs
are called stative verbs or 'state' verbs.
emotion: like love want wish
mind: agree believe mean know
appearance: look like resemble seem
possession: belong consist contain have need own
perception: see hear taste
I love lying in bed late on Sunday mornings.
I need to know right now.
 always seldom

generally sometimes

frequently usually

never every day/year

often once a week

rarely twice a year

Position of adverbs in affirmative sentences:
FREQUENCY ADVERBS:
ALWAYS, OFTEN, GENERALLY, USUALLY, NORMALLY, SOMETIMES,
NEVER.

He usually dances Hip Hop

OTHER TIME EXPRESSIONS:

EVERY DAY, EVERY MONTH, EVERY YEAR, ON SUNDAYS, AT THE
WEEKENDS ETC
He plays tennis every day.

Position of adverbs in interrogative/ negative sentences: after the auxiliary:

Do you always do your homework?

Does she sometimes visit you?
I don’t always go to school
Tip: The verb never changes when we use and auxiliary verb for
example DO or DOES, it remains in its base form
 THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
questions and answers

Do you like swimming?

Yes, I do.
No, I don’t.
Does he work as a doctor?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn’t.