CLASSICAL

ORGANIZATIONAL
THEORY
- SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT
-ADMINISTRATIVE THEORY
-BUREAUCRATIC MANAGEMENT

Reporter: Mariel A. Cabal

MAED-EA
CLASSICAL ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY/ SCHOOL

The classical school is the oldest

formal school of management
thought. Its roots pre-date the
twentieth century whose general
concerns are ways to manage work
and organizations more efficiently.
Accordingly, this school advocates
high specialization of labor,
centralized decision making, and
profit maximization. Three areas of
study that can be grouped under the
classical school are scientific,
administrative, and bureaucratic
management.
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

It is popularly referred to as Frederick

Taylor’s Scientific Management
(1856-1917). In his book The
Principles of Scientific Management,
he describes how the application of
the scientific method to the
management of workers could
greatly improve productivity.
1. The advantages of productivity should go to
workers.

2. Physical stress and anxiety should be eliminated

as much as possible.

3. Capabilities of workers should be developed

through trainings.

4. The traditional “boss” concept should be

eliminated.
FOUR PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC
MANAGEMENT
1. Science, not rule –of- thumb.

2. Scientific selection of worker.

3. Management cooperation and labor cooperation

than conflict.

4. Scientific training of the worker.

ADMINISTRATIVE THEORY

Henri Fayol’s administrative theory mainly focuses

on the personal duties of management at a much
more granular level.

Fayol believed that management had five principle

roles: to forecast and plan, to organize, to
command, to co-ordinate, and to control.
Fayol developed fourteen principles of administration to go
along with management’s five primary roles. These
principles are:
1. specialization/division of labor
2. authority with responsibility
3. Discipline
4. unity of command
5. unity of direction
6. subordination of individual interest to the general interest
7. remuneration of staff
8. Centralization
9. scalar chain/line of authority
10. Order
11. Equity
12. stability of tenure
13. Initiative
14. esprit de corps.
BUREAUCRATIC MANAGEMENT

Bureaucratic Management can be

viewed as an attempt to build up a
reasonable and legal basis for the
authority and an arrangement for
the purpose of selecting people and
undertaking various sorts of
activities.
Bureaucratic type of
organizational structure has the
following characteristics:

1. Works of specialization.
2. Hierarchy of authority
3. Formal selection
4. Impersonality
5. Orientation of occupation
Key Features of Bureaucracy

1. Clear division of labor

2. Hierarchical arrangement of positions

3. Formal rules and regulations

4. Impersonal relationships

5. No emotional attachments

6. Employment based entirely on technical

competence
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!

GOD BLESS YOU! 