Systems Approximate Computing for Low

Power Security in the Internet of Things

Under the guidance of: Presented By:

Dr.SK.M.Vali.(Professor), Ch.HemaLakshmi
Department of ECE, 18331D5706
MVGR College Of Engineering.

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 CONTENTS:
1.What is Internet of Things?
2.How IoT Works?
3.Current Status & Future Prospect of IoT
4.Knowledge Management – From Data to Wisdom
5.Few Applications of IoT
6.Technological Challenges of IoT
7.Approximate computing
8.Further topics

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 What is IoT?

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical objects or

"things" embedded with electronics, software, sensors, and network
connectivity, which enables these objects to collect and exchange data.

IoT allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing

network infrastructure, creating opportunities for more direct integration
between the physical world and computer-based systems, and resulting in
improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit

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 "Things," in the IoT sense, can refer to a wide variety of devices such as heart
monitoring flow the data between other devices.

 Implants, biochip transponders on farm animals, electric clams in coastal waters,

automobiles with built-in sensors, DNA analysis devices for
environmental/food/pathogen monitoring or field operation devices that assist fire-
fighters in search and rescue operations.

 These devices collect useful data with the help of various existing technologies and
then autonomously

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 History of IoT
The concept of the Internet of Things first became popular in 1999, through
the Auto-ID Center at MIT and related market-analysis publications. Radio-
frequency identification (RFID) was seen as a prerequisite for the IoT at that
point.

If all objects and people in daily life were equipped with identifiers, computers
could manage and inventory them. Besides using RFID, the tagging of things
may be achieved through such technologies as near field communication,
barcodes, QR codes, Bluetooth, and digital watermarking.

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 How IoT Works?
 Internet of Things is not the result of a single novel technology; instead, several
complementary technical developments provide capabilities that taken together help to
bridge the gap between the virtual and physical world. These capabilities include:
Communication and cooperation
 Addressability
 Identification
 Sensing
 Actuation
 Embedded information processing
Localization
 User interfaces

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 How IoT Works?

SENSOR
RFID SENSOR NANOTECH
TECH

To collect and To enhance the

To make the
process the power of the
smaller and
To identify and data to detect network by
smaller things
track the data the changes in devolving
have the
of things the physical processing
ability to
status of capabilities to
connect and
things different part
interact.
of the network.

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 The Structure of IoT
The IoT can be viewed as a gigantic network consisting of networks of devices and
computers connected through a series of intermediate technologies where numerous
technologies like RFIDs, wireless connections may act as enablers of this connectivity.

Tagging Things : Real-time item traceability and addressability by RFIDs.

Feeling Things : Sensors act as primary devices to collect data from the environment.

Shrinking Things : Miniaturization and Nanotechnology has provoked the ability of

smaller things to interact and connect within the “things” or “smart devices.”

Thinking Things : Embedded intelligence in devices through sensors has formed

the network connection to the Internet. It can make the “things” realizing the
intelligent control.

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 Current status & future prospects:

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Knowledge Management Turning Data intoWisdom
More important

wisdom Evaluated understanding

Understanding Appreciation of why

Knowledge Answers to how questions

Less Answers to who what when where

important information questions

data
symbols

the more data that is created, the better

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understanding and wisdom people can obtain.
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Iot as a network of networks:
energ
y Individual networks
transp
ort
Connected
other together
busine
ss
educati
on
With
earth security
home analytics
,and
manageme
nt

These networks connected with added security, analytics, and

management capabilities.
This will allow IoT to become even more powerful in what it can
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help people achieve
 Few Applications of IoT
Building and Home automation
 Manufacturing
 Medical and Healthcare systems
 Media
 Environmental monitoring
 Infrastructure management
Energy management
 Transportation
 Better quality of life for elderly

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 Applications of iot:

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 Contd..

Electrical
Light blubs Traffic distribution
Patience Security
Security routing Maintenanc
Equipment Lighting
Pet feeding Smart e
monitoring Electrical
Washer parking Emergency
Food Emergency
Energy Shipping services
sensors alerts
monitoring trains Waste
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management
 Contd..

1.When entering the doors ,scanners will

identify the tags on her clothing.

2.When shopping in the market ,the goods

will introduce themselves .

3.When moving the goods, the reader will

tell the staff to put a new one .

4.When paying for goods ,the microchip

of the credit card will communicate with
the checkout reader.

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 Contd..

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 Contd..

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 TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES OF IoT
 At present IoT is faced with many challenges, such as:
 Scalability
 Technological Standardization
 Inter operability
 Discovery
 Software complexity
 Data volumes and interpretation
 Power Supply
 Interaction and short range communication
 Wireless communication
 Fault tolerance

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APPROXIMATE COMPUTING

Many low-power VLSI design techniques—including dynamic power and

thermal management, dynamic voltage scaling, multiple-threshold voltage design,
and energy harvesting—along with the use of nanoscale materials like memristors
can improve the power efficiency of IoT devices. To complement these
approaches, researchers have proposed novel methods to leverage specific features
in IoT applications for power reduction.

One such method is approximate computing, which offers resource savings at the
cost of reduced accuracy and has found applications in many fields such as
multimedia and signal processing, wireless communication, and data mining and
analysis. A common feature of these applications is their ability to tolerate a
certain amount of computational error.

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 Topics to be covered further:

Approximate Addition Based On Approximate Integer

Format
Other Low-Power Vlsi Techniques For The IOT
IOT Security Challenges
Hardware-based attacks
Countermeasures
Approximate Arithmetic Computing-Based Information
Hiding

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