Readings in

Philippine History
a political association of patriotic Filipinos
founded by Rizal to crusade for reforms

 founded on July 3, 1892

 Lesson
Navigator
1. declaration of the nationwide armed
revolution to win freedom from Spain
2. establishment of the national government
3. election of officials who would lead the nation
and the army
Andres Bonifacio founded
a secret revolutionary
society (KKK) on July 7,
1892 for Filipinos to fight
for freedom.
 Kataas-taasan Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga
Anak ng Bayan
(Highest and Most Respectable Society of the Sons of the
People)

AIMS:
1. To unite the Filipinos into one solid nation
2. To fight for Philippine independence from Spain.
 1896 - 30, 000- 400,000 members

 Famous Katipuneros include Bonifacio, Deodato

Arellano, Emilio Jacinto, Dr. Pio Valenzuela, Valentin
Diaz, Jose Dizon and Teodoro Plata

 Women joined the Katipunan and served as guards of

the documents of the society.
1. ANDRES BONIFACIO
 Decalogue of the Katipunan
 Pag – ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa
( Love for Country)
2. EMILIO JACINTO
 Kartilla (collection of teachings of Katipunan)
 A La Patria

3. DR. PIO VALENZUELA

 Catwiran (Is it Fair?)
 Teodoro Patiήo revealed the
secrets of the Katipunan to
Father Gil which led to its
discovery because of his fear.
 Many Filipinos were arrested but
many Katipuneros also escaped
including Bonifacio.
 Lesson
Navigator
Tagalog - all those born in this archipelago;
therefore, though Visayan, Ilocano,
Kapangpangan, etc. they are all Tagalogs
 August 24, 1896 - Katipunan became an open
de facto government

 organized as a secret organization with its

own laws, bureaucratic structure and an
elective leadership
 Lesson
Navigator
ANDRES BONIFACIO
Titulado Presidente
de la RepublicaTagala
A clearer idea of Bonifacio’s Katagalugan
government emerged in the late 1980s,
when letters and other important
documents signed by Bonifacio became
accessible.
 3 letters & 1 appointment paper
dated March 8- April 24, 1897
all addressed to Emilio Jacinto
(collection of Epifanio de los Santos-historian & former director of Phil. Library &
Museum)

 President of the Supreme Council

 The Supreme President
 The President of the Sovereign Nation Founder of the Katipunan, Initiator
of the Revolution
 Office of the Supreme President, Government of the Revolution
 Jose P. Bantug referred to Bonifacio as
“Kataastaasang Pangulo” and “General No. 1”

 The Katipunan was more than a secret revolutionary

society, it was, withal a government. – Gregorio Zaide

 Immediately before the outbreak of the revolution,

Bonifacio organized the Katipunan into a government
revolving around a “cabinet” composed of men of his
confidence. –Teodoro Agoncillo
 The results of the first Philippine national elections
was reiterated by Jose M. del Castillo

 Teodoro Plata – Sec. of War

 Emilio Jacinto – Sec. of State
 Aguedo del Rosario – Sec. of Interior
 Briccio Pantas – Sec. of Justice
 Enrique Pacheco – Sec. of Finance
 The August 1896 transformation of the Katipunan
into a revolutionary government and Bonifacio’s
elections to presidency was confirmed by Pio
Valenzuela
March 22, 1897 – Tejeros Convention
…was ran by consensus

Popular participation national

local
Kataastasang Kapulungan

Kataastasang Sangunian

Sangunian Bayan
Earliest dated Katipunan document 1892
 The claim that “BONIFACIO lost all his
battles” is ridiculous.
 Lesson
Navigator
 Katipunan launched the first anti-colonial revolution in
Asia
 led to the formation of the first national government
which became foundation of the governments
established by Aguinaldo from 1897 to 1899
 Bonifacio and the Katipunan sought to define a
national identity
 The Katagalugan government commanded the loyalty
of a significant portion of the population
 FILIPINOS should recognize ANDRES BONIFACIO
not only the founder of the Katipunan
and Leader of the Revolution of 1896,
but as the first Filipino President;
the Father of the Nation and Founder of our Democracy.