Lessons Learnt From Past

Earthquake
Submitted by
ABHISHANK KUMAR (18202101)
ABHISHEK KUMAR KASHYAP (18202102)
 Lessons Learnt From Past Earthquake
INTRODUCTION:
The study of earthquake damage provide invaluable
information about the performance of real structures
during actual earthquake. It is like full scale testing of
variety of prototype structures under real earthquakes.
Each earthquake exposes the inadequacies of the
prevalent design and construction practices in a region.
Some of the lessons learnt from past earthquakes are
considered below.
 PAST EARTHQUAKES

• Kutch earthquake (1819)

• Shillong earthquake (1897)
• Bihar-Nepal earthquake (1934)
• Andaman earthquake (1941)
• Venezuela earthquake (1967)
• Sumatra & Andaman (2004)
 Types of material used

• Types of material considered to used in construction of a

structure should be of fine quality and in adequate
proportion.
• Materials such as cement ,fine aggregate , coarse aggregate
,steel bars should be of fine standards.
• Addition of super plastizers should be permitted.
• Proper inspection of the materials should be conducted.
 Size of building

The size of the buildings should not too long , not too tall and buildings of
long plans should not be considered.
 Shape of building

• Shapes or Geometry of a building should not be complex but simple shapes

are planned and constructed.
 Influence of openings

• The influence of openings should also be kept in mind.

• The opening in same direction should be avoided.
 Vertical irregularities

• These vertical irregularities are very important and plays an important role
in holding the building properly with the foundation at times of shaking of
grounds during earthquakes.
 Pull –Push Forces

• Pull and push forces causes two problems:

• Loss of grip
• Distortion of joint.
 Collapse of nominally connected water tank

• The water tanks should either be built underground levels or may be at the
centre of the building.
• Tanks at the corners should be avoided.
Bare Vs Infilled frame
Soft storey
 One side open ground storey building twists
during earthquake
• One side open ground storey building will act as a soft storey from one side
and should result in twisting of building.
Pounding between adjoining buildings
Effect of staircases