INTRODUCTION TO PERSONAL

DEVELOPMENT

KRISTINE VIDAD
 Write 2 things about
yourself on a piece of
paper. (habit,
characteristic, unique
experience)
-insights ?

-realizations as you were writing and describing

yourself?
 WHAT ARE THE 1 OR 2 KEY
THINGS YOU HAVE DECIDED TO
WORK ON?
 PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS

 1.speed up my decision-making process

 2. manage my tendency to over react to
criticisms and stress
 3. improve communication with others
 4.listen and be open to others’ feedback
3 aspects or domains of human development
1. Physical development –body, brain, motor, sensory skills
- physical health
2. Cognitive development - capacity to learn,
speak, understand, reason, and create.
3. Psychosocial
development –
social interactions
with other people,
emotions, attitudes,
self-identity,
personality, beliefs,
and values.
 How does the age and stage of development of a
person influence his or her personal development?
FACTORS AFFECTING/INFLUENCING
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT:

1. Heredity /inborn traits

2. Environment- experiences
3. Maturation -cognitive, psychological, social dimensions

 influence of physical maturation over a person’s

development is most pronounced during his childhood
and adolescence stages.
ALTHOUGH SIMILAR TO MANY
OTHER LIVING ORGANISMS

birth, growth, development,

regeneration, and death
x human beings -more complex
capabilities
 self-awareness
 analytical thinking Capabilities that
 self-evaluation distinguish human
species from
 Motivation rest of physical
 decision-making world.
 reflective thought.
Mere survival instincts
 process in which persons reflect upon themselves,
understand who they are, accept what they
discover about themselves, and learn (or unlearn)
new sets of values, attitudes, behaviour, and
thinking skills to reach their fullest potential as
human beings.
 PSYCHOLOGY - study of human thinking & behaviour
- foundation for personal development

THE 2 PROPONENTS OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY:

 Abraham Maslow- 5 stages of human development
based on a hierarchy of needs, peaking in what he
termed as “self-actualization,”
 Carl Rogers- “the individual has within himself the
capacity and the tendency, latent if not evident, to
move forward toward maturity
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY

• progress is often disrupted by failure to meet

lower level needs
• Life experiences= fluctuate between levels of
the hierarchy.
• not everyone will move through the hierarchy
in a uni-directional manner.
• In Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, where do
you find yourself? What do you have to do
to fulfill your needs so that you can move
closer towards self-actualization?
 Carl Rogers’ Personality Theory
feelings of self-worth = self-actualization
• high self-worth =confidence and positive feelings about him
or herself, faces challenges, accepts failure and unhappiness
at times; open with people.
• low self-worth =avoid challenges, not accept that life can be
painful and unhappy at times ; defensive
Positive regard= feel valued, respected, treated with affection &
loved
• Unconditional positive regard
• Conditional positive
 constantly seeks approval.
• How is personal development linked to
psychology?
• How can positive Psychology help you
become happier?
THANK YOU!
 What are your concerns
as an adolescent?

 How do you understand

the “self?”
 ADOLESCENCE
 transition period between childhood & early adulthood.

3 STAGES OF ADOLESCENCE:
 Early adolescence – 10 and 13 years of age
 Middle adolescence – 14 and 16 years of age
 Late adolescence – 17 and 20 years of age
Knowing Oneself
 IDENTITY
 I am___________(personality/characteristics)
 I can___________(talents/abilities)
 I enjoy __________(hobbies)
 I believe__________(values/principles)
 DEFINING THE “SELF”
 Who am I?
 Adolescence
 ask questions about
themselves, future, religious
and political beliefs.
 grapples with his or her
identity.
 know oneself - first step in
personal development.
“Self”

 identified in various contexts (psychology, sociology, or

religion)
 essence of a person: thoughts, feeling, actions,
experiences, beliefs, values, principles, relationships
 includes a person’s life purpose, meaning, aspirations
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
 holistic
 integrate the various definitions of “Self”(philosophical,
spiritual, psychological )
 emphasis = psychological definition
 “Self” - cognitive and affective representation of one’s
identity =behaviour and thought.
IN PSYCHOLOGY, PERSONALITY
 set of behaviors, feelings, thoughts, and motives that
identifies an individual.
 essence of the who we are and is the embodiment of
one’s physical, psychological, cognitive, affective, and
spiritual self.
PERSONALITY
 “Personality - unique and relatively enduring set of
behaviours, feelings, thoughts, and motives that
characterize an individual”.

2 KEY COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY :

 uniqueness of an individual’s thoughts, feelings,
and behaviour
 enduring, or consistent, over different situations
and over time.
PERSONALITY
 “friendly”- at any given situation=outgoing, easily
liked by others, not perceived as threatening or
aggressive.
1. UNIQUENESS
 own brand of showing friendliness: a sunny
disposition, a readiness to give advice when needed,
and generosity to those in need
 shown by how a person’s physical, behavioural
traits are combined to depict friendliness.
 2. CONSISTENCY
 develops friendships among
his peers - enters adulthood
 defines personality
 exceptions to 2 components (uniqueness/consistency)
 Consistency=mean most of the time but not all the time
 provoked or cornered, sickness (Alzheimer’s disease
changes three of the Big Five dimensions of personality
(anxiety, extroversion, and openness)
What influences the development of personality?
NATURE, NURTURE, AND PERSONALITY

-no single gene creates a trait = combination of genes,

environmental exposure, experiences, cultural
backgrounds
 common personality traits that cross many cultures
 Ex. Agreeableness and openness to experience

 personality traits -more prominent in one culture

 Ex. Asians exhibit strong “interpersonal
relatedness” (migrating -consider how this will
affect his family )
 Westerners look at their behaviour and its impact
on their personal goals. (working overseas - career
growth)
 TRAIT THEORY- approach in identifying types of
personalities based on certain traits or attributes
 PERSONALITY TRAIT – disposition to behave
consistently in a particular way
 PERSONALITY - broader term that comprises of traits,
motives, thoughts, self-concept, and feelings.
 Ex. shyness or social awkwardness.
 DIFFERENT WAYS TO MEASURE PERSONALITY:
1. observing people’s behaviour (limited=loneliness-
subjective)
 BIG FIVE OR FIVE-FACTOR MODEL
LOW SCORERS HIGH SCORERS
1. Extraversion Loner Joiner
Quiet Talkative
Passive Active
Reserved Affectionate
2. Agreeableness Suspicious Trusting
Critical Lenient
Ruthless Soft-hearted
Irritable Good-natured
3. Conscientiousness Negligent Conscientious
Lazy Hard-working
Disorganized Well-organized
Late Punctual
4. Neuroticism Calm Worried
Even-tempered Temperamental
Comfortable Self-conscious
Unemotional Emotional
5. Openness to experience Down-to-earth Imaginative
Uncreative Creative
Conventional Original
Uncurious Curious
 THE MYERS-BRIGGS TYPE INDICATOR

 E OR I (EXTROVERSION OF INTROVERSION)- how an individual prefers to channel

his or her energy when dealing with people.
 inward (introversion)
 outward (extroversion)
 S OR N (SENSING OR INTUITION)- how one prefers to process information
 senses - describe what one sees
 intuitively - dealing with ideas.
 T OR F (THINKING OR FEELING)-how an individual prefers to make decisions
 thinking - logic and analysis
 feeling - cognitive senses based on values or beliefs.
 J OR P (JUDGEMENT OR PERCEPTION)- how an individual prefers to manage one’s
life
 judging - planned and organized life
 perceptions - a more flexible approach to living.
 Who am I?
 group with 4 members
 Describe yourself using either the Myer’s Briggs Type Indicator or
Big Five Model.
 (remind students not to share very personal or sensitive issues/topics)

Example: Myer’s Briggs Type Indicator

 1. I choose introversion because___
 2. I choose intuition because___
 3. I choose thinking because___
 4. I choose perception because___

 20 minutes to do the activity

Questions:
 According to the Big Five Model, what are the Big Five
dimensions or tendencies of personality?
 According to the Myer’s Briggs Type Indicator, what are the four
preferences of individuals?
 Which ones are you most inclined to have?(1 member per group
will share)
 How did these personality tests make you understand why you
react differently from others to similar situations?
 How can these tests help you determine your strengths and
weaknesses?
 Why are personality tests important?
 Give some real-life situations that you went through to
affirm the choices in the activity.
 Explain the quotation by Oscar Wilde:

 “TO LOVE ONESELF IS THE BEGINNING OF A LIFELONG

ROMANCE”
Facts I Knew Facts I learned Questions I have
 How does knowing oneself can make you better accept
your strength and limitations, improve the way you
deal with others and maximize your potentials?