Malaria

a story of ELIMINATION

A partnership of:
T oday, we know
some things about
malaria...
 We know the main culprits
parasites & mosquitoes...

Malaria parasites Female mosquitoes

(genre: Plasmodium) (genre: Anopheles)
 We know how it’s transferred
to people...
and more people
and more....
and more…

and more…

Transmission of parasites via

mosquito bite
 We know how to control it:
prevention

vs mosquitoes vs vector-human vs the parasite

contact

Indoor residual Insecticide treated Drugs

spraying bed nets (prophylactic use)

Environmental
interventions

Larvicides
We know how to control it:
diagnosis & treatment

Microscopy

Other drugs

ACTs
(Artemisinin-based
Rapid Diagnostic Combination Therapies)
Tests
 We know how far we’ve come...

1900

Malaria endemic areas

1946

Malaria endemic areas

 1975

Malaria endemic areas

 2002

Malaria endemic areas

 2010

Malaria endemic areas

 ...and we know 99 countries
are still malaria endemic,
although

5 have been acknowledged by WHO as

“MALARIA FREE”
in the past six years:
United Arab Emirates Morocco & Turkmenistan Armenia Kazakhstan

2007 2010 2011 2012

 We also know
just how far we NEED to go:
In 2010

Malaria Currently

1/2
Killed an estimated

660, 000 of the world

People population
with an estimated lives in
219 million countries
where
cases transmission
continues
 In Africa, the economic growth is
hindered every year due
to the costs associated to malaria
…and we must
face the daily
BURDEN
In some African countries the cost to prevent and of
treat the disease may be up to 1/3 of the
families total annual income MALARIA
In countries like Tanzania, they spend nearly
40% of their entire health budget
to fight malaria
 On top of ALL of this
we face significant
CHALLENGES:

Resistance to Resistance to Environmental

Drugs Insecticides Changes
 On top of ALL of this
we face significant
CHALLENGES:
and most importantly:

Risk of reintroduction Sustaining Sustaining political

& resurgence funds commitment & public
awareness
 oday’s malaria
T story is about
control & elimination,
and working together
towards global eradication.

But available tools are

not enough in some parts
of the world…
“
The dream of ending this
scourge of humanity is within
reach, but demands our BEST
COLLECTIVE EFFORTS”
- Joint statement of the Malaria Eradication Research Agenda
(malERA) Initiative Leadership Council, January 2011.
 Malaria elimination means:

1. NO local transmission
2. ZERO infections in a
defined-geographical area

Transmission of parasites
 To achieve elimination, we must treat
infections and prevent mosquitoes from
passing the parasites
In other words, we need to
interrupt transmission
and eliminate all reservoirs
 that one infection…
BLOCKING
transmission does not cause another…

means
…and another

R0 1<
= less than one new infection
per existing infection
 New insecticides New drugs that kill all Vaccines that interrupt
stages of the parasite malaria transmission
life cycle

Malaria elimination
is strengthening R&D to develop new
ways of interrupting transmission
 ...with these
NEW TOOLS & STRATEGIES
we aim to:

Drive down transmission and block it

Eliminate the very last infections

Keep infection rate at zero

0 malaria infection
3 years with NO local
malaria transmission =
ELIMINATION
Elimination worldwide =

ERADICATION
 Eradication =
LIBERATION
from malaria for
all of humanity
 For more
information:

www.isglobal.org