MAPEH

MAJORSHIP
PE
FITNESS FOR LIFE
“The first wealth is health.”
- Ralph Waldo
Emerson

Are you a person who says YES to LIFE?

PHYSICAL FITNESS
Do you consider yourself a physically fit person?

What to you is meant by fitness?

What is Physical Fitness?

It is the ability of a person to perform his

daily tasks and still have reserve energy in
case of an emergency.
Physical Activity?

Is any bodily movement produced by

alternating contraction and relaxation of the
skeletal muscles which results in a notable
increase in energy a person uses.
FITNESS PARAMETERS

Health-Related Fitness
And

Skill- Related Fitness

What is Health- Related Fitness?

These fitness parameters are directly

attributed to the good physiological
function of your body in order to
contribute good health.
 Cardiorespiratory Endurance

It is the component that helps a person

check if the heart and lungs work in unison to
provide oxygen and blood during exercise or
workout.
 Muscular Endurance

It is the ability to perform repeated

exercises without getting tired or to
withstand repetitions of the muscle
training exercise.
Muscular Strength

It is the most considered component

among all components of physical fitness.
It is one’s ability to lift weights.
 Flexibility

It allows all joint in the body to move

in their full range of motion.
Body Composition

It is the relative proportion of

muscle fat, bone, and other tissues
that comprise the body.
What is Skill-Related Fitness?

These fitness parameters enable a

person to perform physical or sports
activity. They check one’s motor fitness
and are directed to good performance.
Agility

It is the ability to shift one’s

body to different directions quickly
and efficiently.
 Balance

It is the ability of the body to

maintain stability in static or when moving
while resisting the force of gravity.
It is also the ability to hold the body
in a fixed position.
Coordination

One’s ability to use the senses, such as sight or

hearing, together with other body parts in
performing motor tasks smoothly and accurately .
 Reaction Time

It is the ability to react and make

decisions quickly.
Speed
It is the ability to perform successive
movements of the same pattern in the shortest
period of time.
Philippine Physical Fitness Test
Why should you undergo Fitness
tests?
Body Composition as a Health-Related
Fitness Test

Body composition is not a performance

measurement; it refers to the amount of body
fat.
A measure of body composition using height
and weight.

BODY MASS INDEX

BMI FORMULA:

BMI = Weight (in kilograms)

Height (in meters)²
Example:

BMI = 42 kgs.
(1.50 m)²

The result of your BMI will classify you into your weight status.
 BMI WEIGHT
STATUS
Below 18.5 underweight
18.5-24.9 normal
25-29.9 overweight
30 and above obese
 Physical Fitness Test Components Being
Measured
• Zipper Test Flexibility
• Sit and Reach
• 3-minute step test Endurance
• 90 degree Push-up Strength
• Curl-ups
• 40-meter Sprint Speed
• Basketball Pass Power
• Long Jump
• Hexagon agility test Agility
• Stick Drop Test Reaction Time
• Paper Juggling Coordination
• Stork Balance Stand Test Balance
PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

• Overload Principle

You must do more than what your bodies are used to do.
• Progression Principle
You will have to increase the amount of
activity but should not overexert to the point
that you will hurt yourself.
• Specificity Principle

This principle indicates that specific kinds

of physical activities need to be used to develop
specific parts of the body vis-à-vis the specific
component of fitness.
• Reversibility Principle

This principle follows the adage: Use it or

lose it.
• Rest and Recovery Principle

This principle emphasizes that the body needs

adequate rest for the body to adapt, then recover
from exercise.
The Benefits of Physical Activity
• You will easily breathe due to improved respiration and blood
circulation.
• You will have improved cardiac output because the heart gets stronger
and efficient.
• You will have improved vascular system because your veins and
arteries become cleaner from the reduction of fatty deposits.
• You can maintain and sustain physical activity or work overtime
resulting to increased muscular strength and endurance.
• Your bone will grow dense and firm.
• You will have improved flexibility, bowel function,
sensory skills like balance and movement.
• You will feel good, reduce stress, and enhance your
social experiences.
Your Personal Fitness Plan
 How does managing your time affect
your fitness goals?

Why is it necessary to have a Personal

Fitness Plan and monitor it?
Creating your own workout starts with the
FITT Formula.

F- Frequency
I- Intensity
T- Time
T- Type
Frequency (How often?)
This refers to the number of times you need to do it in a week.
Intensity (How hard?)
This refers to how hard you will exercise.

Your physical activity is determined by

your heart rate.
To compute (for your maximum heart rate):
• Subtract your age from 220.
• Multiply the difference by 60% and 85%.
• The results will provide the range per minute that you should maintain
while exercising.
Example:
You are 12 years old. Your maximum
heart rate is 220.
Time (How long?)
This refers to the length of each exercise.
Type (What exercise?)
This refers to the kind of exercise you will do to achieve a
specific benefit.
How can you develop an appropriate personal
Fitness Plan?
• Time and Focus is important.
• Build on your strengths.
• Select the components of your program.
• Make a pledge or promise to yourself to commit to lifelong fitness and
wellness.
• Evaluate you progress regularly.
 My Personal Fitness Contract
I, ____________, commit to build my lifelong fitness and
wellness that will assist me in sustaining a long and active
healthy lifestyle. I will design my exercise program with
achievable and measurable goals. My physical activities
will be that I can consistently integrate into my current
lifestyle. I will do my best and keep my Fitness and
Wellness Calendar so that I can actually experience if I
am achieving the benefits as well as seeing my
improvements in my overall fitness. I understand the
conditions of my fitness and I will celebrate with each day
that my fitness goals are achieved.
Signature of Student ___________
Signature of Parent ___________
My Fitness and Wellness Calendar
Day Sun Mon Tue Wed Thurs Fri Sat

Activity

Time

Hours of Sleep

Overall Energy of the

Day
Set-up your own Fitness and Wellness Calendar by
carefully following these instructions:
1. Record your physical activity or exercise for the
week and the amount of time doing it.
2. Record any other details that interest you or patterns
that think are affecting you like setting your rest
days, hours of sleep, your energetic days or low
energy days.
3. Document all your observations, then compare how
you did. Keep a monthly comparison and make
adjustments to set realistic goals and effective
results.
FITNESS TESTS MANAGEMENT FOR
SUSTAINABLE HEALTH
MUSCULAR STRENGTH
BALANCE
COORDINATION
BODY COMPOSITION
SPEED
MUSCULAR ENDURANCE
CARDIOVASCULAR
ENDURANCE
AGILITY
POWER
FLEXIBILITY
HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS
• Body Composition
• Muscular Strength
• Muscular Endurance
• Cardiovascular Endurance
• Flexibility
SKILL-RELATED FITNESS
• Speed
• Agility
• Balance
• Coordination
• Power
PHYSICAL FITNESS TESTING

Continuous Process
HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS
A. Body Composition
Percentage of body fat compared to
lean body mass.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Determines one’s health fitness
based from weight and height results.
How to get your BMI?

WEIGHT (in kilograms)

HEIGHT (in meters)²
 Know your result!
BMI Classification

Below 18.5 Underweight

18.6-24.9 Normal

25-29.9 Overweight

30.0 and above Obese

B. Muscular Strength
Amount of force that a person can
produce in a single muscle contraction.
B. Muscular Endurance
The capacity of the group of
muscles to contract over a long period
of time.
1. Partial Curl-ups
Measures the strength and
endurance of abdominal muscles that
assist a person to uphold a good
posture .
Prevent lower back pains
2. Push-ups
Measures the strength and
endurance of chest muscles and the
arms to withstand heavy tasks .
3. Trunk Lift
Measures the strength and flexibility
of the muscles in the lower back
extensor to maintain a healthy back.
C. Cardiovascular Endurance
The capacity of the heart to
effectively pump to meet the demands
of the exercise.
1. 1-kilometre run/walk
Measures the capacity of heart,
lungs, circulatory system, and muscles
to transport and use the oxygen in the
body during physical activities.
D. Flexibility
The capacity to use the joints in its
normal range of movements.
1. Zipper Test
Measures the flexibility of the
shoulder joints.
2. Sit and Reach
Measures the flexibility of the at the
back of the high (hamstring).
SKILL-RELATED FITNESS
A. Speed
The capacity of the body to cover or
move in a certain distance for a short
period of time.
1. 40-meter Sprint
Measures the acceleration and
sped.
B. Agility
The capacity to control body
movements and shift direction quickly
from one place to another.
1. Hexagon Agility Test
Measures the ability to change
direction at a certain speed, and
improves gravity awareness, body
control, and foot speed.
C. Balance
The capacity to maintain equilibrium
even when moving.
1. Stork Stand Test
The measures the ability to balance
in a static position, improves
performance, and reduces the risk of
injury..
D. Coordination
The capacity of the body to use all
the senses and its part together to
produce and execute smooth
movements efficiently.
1. Paper Juggling
The measures the ability to focus
and switch between tasks quickly.
E. Power
The capacity to transfer force at a
rapid pace. This is the product of
speed and strength.
1. Standing Long Jump
Measures and assesses strength
and leg power.
F. Reaction Time
The capacity to quickly to stimulus.
1. Stick Drop Test
Measures the reaction time and
improves alertness and quickness of
the eye..
 Prevention of
Lifestyle Diseases
 OBESITY

This is the excessive fat of a

person gained from food or inactive
lifestyle.
 The DON’TS of Eating

• Skipping Breakfast
• Weight targets
• Not eating fruits and vegetables
• Night, social, and emotional eating
How to overcome obesity?

• Exercise Daily
• Avoid Overeating
• Reduce passive pastimes
• Eat balanced meals
 DIABETES

A person’s condition wherein the amount

of sugar (glucose) in the blood is too high and
the body cannot use it properly because it
cannot enter the body’s cell
HEART DISEASES

The leading global cause of death

and major disabilities.
 Measurement

Body Fat
Height

Weight
• It is the measurement that shows the
amount of body fat in your body and that
is based on your height and weight.
Weight
The heaviness
and lightness of a person.
 Height
The distance between the
floor to the top of the head.
Weight Circumference
 3-minute Step
Test
Measures the cardiovascular
endurance
90-Degree Push-up

Measures upper extremities

 Zipper Test
Measures the
shoulder girdle flexibility
The purpose of this test is to reach
forward as far as possible without
bending the hamstring
Sit and
Reach
Measures the strength of the abdominal
muscles

Curls-up
 Performance Target for
Boys and Girls
STRENGTH FLEXIBILITY ENDURANCE
AGE
Partial 90° Sit and Zipper 3 Min. Step Test
Curl-ups Push-ups Reach Test

11 26 21 17 8 41 47 119 115

12 28 22 18 9 43 49 117 113

13 32 22 19 10 45 52 115 111

14 36 23 20 11 50 54 110 108

15 38 23 21 12 55 58 107 103

16 42 24 22 13 56 63 105 101
 Benefits . . .
• Increases muscle tone and strength and decreases susceptibility to
injuries and illness
• Improves posture, bone mineral density, and reduces risk of
osteoporosis
• Increases efficiency of the respiratory and circulatory systems
• Improves blood pressure and decreases the risk of cardiovascular
diseases and strokes

• Improves metabolism and decreases body fat and risks to diabetes

and some cancers

• Increases energy level thus improves self-esteem and self-confidence

 INDIVIDUAL SPORTS
• TRACK AND FIELD
History OF Athletics:
*776 BCE first recorded athletic event
*International Association of Athletics Federation
*1926- Summer Olympics (WOMEN)
*1960- Disabled athletes (Summer Paralympics)
 OVAL TRACK

•400 meters with 6-8 lanes

having a standard width of
1.22 m
 STRANDS
• TRACK EVENTS
A. RUNNING
*Short Distances/ Sprints – 100,200 and 400-meter dash
*Middle Distance – 800 and 1500 meter run
*Long Distance - 3000, 5000, and 10000-meter run
*Marathon- 42 km
*Hurdling
*Relays
3 Types of Relay
1. Sprint Relays – 400, 800 and 1600-meter relays
2. Sprint Medley – 3200 and 6000-meter relays
3. Distance Relays – 400, 800, 1200, and 1600 meter
relays
B. JUMPING
2 Types:
1. Length or Distance – long jump and triple jump
2. Height – high jump and pole vault
1. High Jump
- It is an vent where you try to jump vertically and move
your body over a bar that is across two upright poles,
upon which rests a 4-meter horizontal bar.
2. Long Jump
- an event wherein you sprint along a runway to a
wooden takeoff board embedded in the runway and level
with the ground into a stretch of 2.75-3-meter wide soft,
damp sand.
3. Triple Jump
- rules are the same as those of the long jump.
- a.k.a. hop, step and jump
4. Pole Vault
- you carry a 15 ft. flexible fiberglass pole, then sprint
along a short runway
 FOUR MAIN PRINCIPLES IN JUMPING EVENTS
1. Starting Run
2. Take-Off
3. Flight
4. Landing
 STRANDS
• FIELD EVENTS
C. THROWING

1. Hammer
- this is an extremely heavy metal ball weighing 7.2
kg attached to a handle by steel wire.
2. Discus
- you are required to throw a disc-like object weighing
2kg for men and 1 kg for women across the field as afar
as possible.
3. Javelin
- you combine speed and strength with a javelin, a long
spiked pole (2.6-2.7 m for men and 2.2- 2.3 m for
women) that you have to throw as far as possible across
the field.
4. Shot Put
- It is a sold metal ball weighing 7.25 kg for men and 4
kg for women
 SWIMMING
Fundamentals
1.Introduction to Water skills and
water confidence exercises
2.Breathing
3. Floating in water
4. Treading – basic survival
swimming skill to stay afloat by
sculling and doing kicks
5. Sculling
6. Strokes
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Bob up and down – It is to

breathe in through your mouth
when you are above the surface
of the water and breathing out
when you are underwater.
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Breathe Holding– It is to inhale

air and hold the air for some time
before exhaling.
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Exhale– It is to breathe out

through the nose.
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Flutter Kick– It is to move the

legs alternately from the hips.
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Glide– It is a streamlined, arrow-

like position as the body moves
through the water with no leg or
arm action.
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Inhale– It is to breathe in
through the mouth.
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Jump-in– It is transfer your body

weight to the edge of the pool.
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Sculling– It is a way of moving

your hands through the water
almost like a figure of eight to
gain continuous propelling force.
 SWIMMING TERMINOLOGIES

• Treading– It is a basic survival

swimming skill to stay afloat by
sculling and doing kicks.
GYMNASTICS
 RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS
A SPORT IN WHICH A SINGLE COMPETITOR OR A TEAM
OF FIVE COMPETITORS MANIPULATE FIVE TYPES OF
APPARATUS THROUGH EXPRESSIVE DYNAMIC
MOVEMENTS

BALLET DANCE
GYMNASTICS APPARATUS MANIPULATION
 RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS
EQUIPMENT
1. Rope (3 m long)
2. Hoop (wood)- loop (51-90 cm wide) and weighs 300 g
3. Ball (rubber/soft plastic) – 18-20 cm and weighs 400 g
4. Pair of Clubs (Wood or plastic)- 50 cm long and weigh
between 200-300 g
5. Ribbon (made of satin)- 35 g; 4-6 cm in width and a min.
length of 60 cm for seniors and 50 cm for juniors.
 DUAL SPORTS
• BADMINTON
History:
*Asia and Europe
*India – poona
*England – battledore and shuttlecock
*in China it was played by kicking the shuttlecock into
the air
• BADMINTON
History:
*named after the Badminton House in Gloucestershire,
England
*International Badminton Federation – governing body
(1934)
 EQUIPMENT
1. Shuttlecock (birdie)
- 14-16 feathers
- 4.75-5.50 g
- synthetic (plastic or nylon) and feathered
2. Racket
- head contains the stringed part
- shaft connects the handle to the head
- throat, if present, connect the shaft to the head
-handle improves the grift
-Frame
 FACILITIES
1. Court
- 17 x 44 ft. for singles
- 20 x 44 ft. for doubles
2. Net
- 6.1 m firmly stretched from post to post
-1.524 m (top of the net to the surface)
3. Posts
-1.55 m high from the floor
• TABLE TENNIS (ping-pong)
History:
*adapted from lawn tennis
*James Devonshire was granted provisional patent for
“Table Tennis”
*Hiroji Satoh (Japan) was the first player to win the 1952
to win a World Championship
 EQUIPMENT

1. Table
- rectangular surface, 2.74 m (9 ft.)
in length and 1.52 m (5 ft.) in width.
- 76 cm (2 ft. 6 in.) from the floor
 EQUIPMENT
2. Net
- 15.25 cm above the playing
surface
 EQUIPMENT

3. Balls
-spherical, 40 mm in diameter,
2.67-2.77 g
 EQUIPMENT
4. Racket/Paddle
-any size, shape or weight
 GRIP

1. Shakehand Grip
Your index finger is extended over the
bottom part of the rubber on the backhand
side and your thumb slightly touching the
rubber on the forehand side.
 GRIP

2. Penhold Grip
You grasp the paddle at the top of the
handle.
SPIN
affects the balance and trajectory
of the ball

1. Topspin
2. Backspin (Underspin)
3. Sidespin
 Basic Strokes

1. Drive
Foremost offensive in nature
 Basic Strokes

2. Push
Basic backspin shot you use to
change the pace of an exchange or to return
very low and close shots.
 Basic Strokes

3. Block
Allows you to use your opponent’s
force against him or her..
 Basic Strokes

4. Smash
combines waist, forearm, and wrist
movements to the fullest extent. It is the kill of
the table tennis.
• ARNIS
History:
*R.A. 9850 Section 3 has declared Arnis as the
Philippine's National Martial Art and Sport
*historian believed that the name was coined from
cakalele silat, an Indonesian fencing which resembled
that of eskrima.
*Eskrima/Arnis a.k.a Kali
*Arnes-Arnis
*Modern Arnis was founded by Remy Amador Presas
 EQUIPMENT

1. Sticks (rattan)
- 60-90 cm in length
- 1.3-3.8 cm in diameter
 FORMS OF PLAY

1. Solo Baston (single stick)

2. Espada y Daga (sword and dagger)
3. Sinawali or Doble Baston (Double
Stick)
 12 Vital Striking Points
1. Left Temple 7. Right Chest
2. Right Temple 8. Right Knee
3. Left Shoulder 9. Left Knee
4. Right Shoulder 10. Left Eye
5. Stomach 11. Right eye
6. Left Chest 12. Crown
 6 Defending Techniques/Blocks

1. OUTWARD Block – defense for 1, 3, 6, 10

2. INWARD Block – defense for 2, 4, 7, and 11

 6 Defending Techniques/Blocks

3. DOWNWARD INWARD Block – defense for 8

4. DOWNWARD OUTWARD Block – defense for 9

 6 Defending Techniques/Blocks

5. VERTICAL Block – defense for 5

6. RISING Block – defense for 12

 TEAM SPORTS
• BASKETBALL
A player aims to shoot a ball through a basket

History:
- December 1891, James Naismith
 BASKETBALL SKILLS
1. Shooting – first basic skill to be learned
2. Dribbling – allows you to advance with the ball and
move around the court while you are in the
possession of the ball.
3. Passing – maximizes the involvement of the players
4. Rebounding – ability to jump with power to gain
possession of the ball
5. Running – skill is used in offensive or defensive
plays, etc.
 FACILITIES and EQUIPMENT
1. Basketball Court – 94 ft. X 50 ft. wide
2. Backboard and Rim
– height above the ground – 10 ft.
- 6 ft. wide (72 in.) by 42 in tall with the inner square
24 in. wide by 18 in. tall.
3. Foul Line – 15 ft. infront of the back board
4. Ball- inflated sphere with 75-78 cm in circumference
and weighs 600-650 g
5. Basket/Goal – 3.05 m above the floor
 TEAM SPORTS
• BASEBALL (National Pastime of the US)
A sport that combines physical and mental talents
and usually played in a slow methodic pace with
“specialists” playing the sport.
History:
- begun in the 19 century
th

- Alexander Cartwright formulated the first set of rules of

the sport in 1845
 THE FIELD
• Infield- field closest to the bases
• Outfield- grassy part field farther to the bases

The bases are 90 ft. (27.4 m) apart on the diamond

bigger than the softball.
 POSITIONS
• Pitcher – (middle of the mound) initiates the action by
throwing the ball toward the home plate.
• Catcher – catches the ball if it is not hit
• Infielders – first baseman, second baseman, shortstop
(b/w 2nd and 3rd Base), and the third base man
• Outfielders – left fielder, center fielder, and the right
fielder
 DEFENSE
• Strikeouts- the hitter misses three pitches
• Force outs- when after the ball is hit, the defensive
player with the ball reaches a base before the runner
• Fly outs- when a player hits the ball in the air and it is
caught by a defensive player before the ball hits the
ground
• Tag outs- when a runner is touched with the ball, or a
glove with the ball in it.
 ESSENTIAL SKILLS

• Throwing - most basic skill in baseball and

softball that allows the team to prevent their
opponents from touching the bases or even
earning points.
 ESSENTIAL SKILLS

• Pitching - It is performed by a pitcher, and is

a skill that puts the game to play.
 ESSENTIAL SKILLS

• Hitting/Batting - It is an offensive skill used

to strike the pitched ball using a bat.
 PITCHING AND DEFENSE
• Strike Zone- an area that reaches from the
batter’s knees to his chest and spans the width of
home plate.
• Ball- if the pitcher throws a pitch that misses the
strike zone
• Strike – if he throws a pitch inside the strike zone,
or if the batter swings and misses, or if the batter
hits the ball into foul territory.
 TEAM SPORTS
• SOFTBALL
- the name dates back to 1926 and was coined by
Walter Hakanson of YMCA at a meeting of the National
Recreation Congress.
Other Names: Indoor baseball, kitten ball, diamond ball,
mush ball, and pumpkin ball.
 COURT DIMENSION
•A volleyball court is 18 m (59 ft.) long and 9 m (29.5)
• The top of net above the center:
For men’s competition: 2.43 m (8 ft. 0 in.)
For women’s competition: 2.24 m (7 ft. 4 in)
 THE BALL
•From FIVB (Federation Internationale de Volleyball)
The ball must be spherical, made of either
leather or synthetic leather has a
circumference of 65-67 cm, a weight of 260-
280 g, and an inside pressure of 0.30-
0.325kg/cm².
 SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL
•SERVE
a. Underhand Serve- the player strikes the ball
below the waist instead of tossing it up and striking it
with an overhand serve.
b. Topspin – the player tosses the ball high and hits
it with a wrist span.
 SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL
•SERVE
c. Float- the ball is hit with no spin so that its path
becomes unpredictable.
d. Jump Serve- an overhand serve where the ball is
tossed high in the air, then the player makes a timed
approach and jumps to make contact with the ball,
hitting it with topspin.
 SKILLS IN VOLLEYBALL
•SERVE
e. Jump Float- an overhand serve where the ball is
tossed high enough that the player may jump before
hitting it similar to a standing float serve.
 PASS
(Reception)
The attempt of a team to properly handle
the opponent’s serve or any form of
attack.
•Underarm pass or bump- It is when the ball touches the
inside part of the joined forearms or platform, at waist
line.
•Overhand pass- It is when the ball is handled with the
fingertips, like a set, above the head.
 SET
The second contact that a team makes
with the ball. The main goal of setting is
to put the ball in the air in such a way that
it can be driven by an attack into the
opponent’s court.
 ATTACK
(SPIKE)
The third contact a player makes with the
ball.
 BLOCK
Actions taken by the players standing at the net to stop or
alter an opponent’s attack.
1. Offensive Block – performed by jumping and
reaching to penetrate with one’s arms and hands over
the net and into the opponent’s area.

2. Defensive or Soft Block- the gaol of this is to

control and deflect the hard driven ball up so that it
slows down and becomes easier to be defended.
 DIG
The ability to prevent the ball from
touching one’s court after a spike or
attack, particularly a ball that is nearly
touching the ground.
• Sayaw sa Obando
- May in Obando, Bulacan
- Fertility dance
- San Pascual Baylon, Santa Clara, and Our Lady of
Salambao
- Santa Clara Pinung-pino
• Moriones
- every Holy Week in Marinduque
- St. Longinus

• Ati-atihan
- 3rd Sunday of January
- Sto. Nino (Infant Jesus)
- Kalibo, Aklan
• Sinulog
- 3rd Sunday of January
- Commemorates the Filipino people’s animist origin
and their acceptance of Rom Catholicism.
- Cebu City, Maasin City, Southern Leyte,
Kabankalan City, Negros Occidental, Cagayan De Oro
City, and Butuan City
•Dinagyang
- 4th Sunday of January
- Sto. Nino
- Iloilo City, Iloil0

• Flores de Mayo and Santacruzan

 NONRELIGIOUS/ REGIONAL
FESTIVALS

• Panagbenga
- February
- Flower festival in Baguio
• Masskara Festival
- 3rd Weekend of of October nearest to October 19
- Bacolod, The City of Smiles

• Kadayawan Festival
- 3rd Week of August
- Davao City
• Kaamulan Festival
- 2nd half of February to March 10
- Bukidnon
- foundation of Bukidnon as a province inn 1917

• Sublian
- July 23
- The Holy Cross, Batangas
- Subli dance
 MODERN ART
(1870-1970)
• Impressionism (1867-1886)
- Claude Monet’s Impression Sunrise
 RENNAISANCE PERIOD
(1450-1600)

•Chorale
 BAROQUE PERIOD
(1600-1750)
•Opera
Libretto – text
Musical Components:
a. Aria e. Orchestra
b. Two/More Solo Voices f. Overture
c. Recitative g. ballets
d. Chorus
 OPERA

• Opera Seria (Italy) – gods and goddesses

• Comic Opera- humorous situation that ends happily
 COMIC OPERA
• Opera Comique - France
• Opera Buffa – Italy
• Zarzuela – Spain
• Ballad Opera – England
• Opera Singspiel – Germany
 BAROQUE PERIOD

•Vocal Chamber Music

- Nontheatrical vocal music
- intimate audience in a small room
A. Solo Songs
B. Chamber Cantata
Solo songs
A. Monody and Solo Madrigals (Italian)
B. Lieder (German) – art songs
C. Catch (English) – a capella vocal
canon or round
Chamber Cantatas
Short, nontheatrical, composed for 1
or 2 solo voices with basso continuo
accompaniment.
• Basso Continuo
- an instrumental concept
- a.k.a. “figure bass” and “thorough
bass”
 BAROQUE COMPOSERS

• Johann Sebastian Bach

- Well – Tempered Clavier (collection of 48
preludes and fugues)
 BAROQUE COMPOSERS

• Henry Purcell
- The greatest English composer of all time
 BAROQUE COMPOSERS

• George Frideric Handel

- A brilliant composer of English oratorio and
Italian Opera.
- The Messiah
- Hallelujah Chorus
 CLASSICAL PERIOD
(1750-1820)
• Sonata
- a large instrumental composition typically of 3 or
more movements in contrasting forms and keys
A. Sonata Form (Sonata Allegro)
1. Exposition
2. Development
3. Recapitulation
B. Slow
C. Moderately fast
(Minuet/trio/Scherzo)
D. Finale (lively and less intensive
than the first movement)
• Symphony
- a sonata orchestra in four movements

1. Fast and Vigorous (duple meter)

2. Slow
3. Minuet or Scherzo
4. Brilliant, lively and fast movement
• Concerto
- instrumental soloist and the orchestra

1. Fast
2. Slow
3. Lively Tempo (concerto finale)
• Chamber Music
- performed in a small room (2-9 players)
A. String Quartet (2 violins, 1 viola, and 1
cello)
1. fast
2. slow
3. minuet/scherzo
4. fast
 CLASSICAL COMPOSERS

• Franz Joseph Haydn

- Father of the Symphony and String Quartet
 CLASSICAL COMPOSERS

• Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

- child prodigy
 CLASSICAL COMPOSERS
• Ludwig Van Beethoven
- a crucial figure in the transition between the
Classical and Romantic Eras.
a. Vienna Years – learning years
b. Second Period – 3rd – 8th symphonies
c. Final Years – Ninth Symphony
 ROMANTIC PERIOD
(1820-1900)
PIANO

• Frederic Francois Chopin

- Poet of the Piano
• Peter Illyich Tchaikovsky
- The Nutcracker, Swan Lake,
Sleeping Beauty
• Franz Liszt
- King of Pianists
• Charles-Camille Saint-Saens
- Greatest organist in the world
 COMPOSERS of the 19 th Century

• Franz Peter Schubert

- the Erlking
 COMPOSERS of the 19 th Century

• Guiseppe Verdi
- King of Italian Opera
 COMPOSERS of the 19 th Century

• Giacomo Puccini
- greatest composer of Italian opera after
Verdi
 COMPOSERS of the 19 th Century

• Richard Wagner
- great and powerful composer
 20 th Century Music

• Impressionism
• Expressionism
• Electronic Music
• Chance Music
 Impressionism
• Claude Debussy
• Ernest Fanelli – Father of
Impressionistic Music
 Expressionism
• Arnold Shoenberg
 Electronic Music
• Edgar Varese
Father of Electronic Music
 Chance Music
• John Cage
 FILIPINO COMPOSERS
• Lucio San Pedro
- Nat’l Artist for Music 1991
- Angono, Rizal
- Sa Ugoy ng Duyan
• Antonio Molina
- First Nat’l Artist for Music 1973
- Father of Modern Music
- Claude Debussy of the Philippines
- Dean of Filipino Composers
• Rodolfo Cornejo
- Ibong Adarna
- A la Juventud Filipina
• Hilarion Rubio
- Conductor for chorus and bands
• Hilarion Rubio
- Conductor for chorus and bands
• Jose M. Maceda
- Nat’l Artist for Music 1997
- Udlot-Udlot
• Lucresia Kasilag
- Nat’l Artist for Music 1989
- First Lady of Philippine Music
• Ramon P. Santos
- disciple of Avant-Garde Music
• Constancio de Guzman
- Bayan Ko
- Maalaala Mo Kaya
• Levi Celerio
- Nat’l Artist for Music in
Literature 1997
- Guinness Book of World
Records “the only leaf player in
the world”
SOLO