CONCRETE FILLED STEEL TUBE

[CFST] AND ITS APPLICATIONS

GUIDED BY PRESENTED BY
ADARSH P.
D.R. GIRIJA K.
S7 C2
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TRIVANDRUM
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINERING
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TRIVANDRUM
CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Objectives
• Experimental study
• Experimental results
• Advantages and Applications
• Conclusion
• Reference
INTRODUCTION
 CONCRETE FILLED STEEL TUBE [CFST]

• These are a type of composite structure

which uses the advantage of both steel and
concrete

• They comprise of a steel hollow section of

circular or rectangular shape filled with
plain or reinforced concrete.

Plan and section of CFST

 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CFST

• Concrete-filled double skin tube (CFDST)

• Concrete-encased CFST columns

• CFST with additional reinforcement

• Stiffened CFST columns

 OBJECTIVES

• Comparison of axial load carrying capacity of concrete filled steel

tube(CFST) and hollow steel tube(HST) columns.

• Comparison of axial load carrying capacity of square and circular CFST.

Experimental study on HST, circular
CFST and square CFST subjected to
axial compression load-case study

Study by D.R. Panchal, V.p. Sheta :International journal of Research in Engineering and
Technology(2008)
Comparative study between HST and CFST
on axial load carrying capacity

• Axial load is applied on HST & CFST specimen using compression testing
machine

• Specimens weresimply supported at both ends

• The end surface on which concrete filled steel tubes keeping for testing should be
plane
DETAILS OF COLUMN SPECIMENS

• All the steel tubes have same c/s as 145mm X 82mm X 4.8mm.

• A total of 18 columns were tested (6 HST and 12 CFST).

• 2 HST and 4 CFST columns of height 0.5m were tested for

• axial compression loading.

• 2 HST and 4 CFST columns of height 1m were tested for axial

compression loading.

• 2 HST and 4 CFST columns of height 1.5m were tested for axial
compression loading
MATERIALS USED
• Hollow steel tubular section
• Nitowrap 410 (epoxy)
• Cement
• Fine aggregate
• Coarse aggregate
• Steel bars
• Water
• Curing compound
PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Hollow steel tubes:

Dimensional and geometric properties of hollow steel

Cement: OPC 53 grade cement is used
Table 3 Properties of cement
Fine aggregate : Manufactured sand belonging to zone II is used.

Properties of sand
Coarse aggregate :
• maximum size of crushed stone dust was 12.5mm.
• The specific gravity was found to be 2.63
• water absorption was found to be 0.72%.

Concrete:
• Two grades of concrete M20 and M40 were used.
• Both the concrete had collapsible slump so that concrete can
easily flow into the steel tube by its own.

Curing compound:
• Master Kure 181 which is a non degrading, membrane
forming liquid basically derived from the acrylic resin.
TEST SET UP OF HST AND CFST COLUMN FOR
AXIAL LOADING
 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
TABLE 8 RESULTS OF HSTC

Ultimate
Height
Specime Compressi
SL NO. of
n ve Load
Column
Designatio (KN)
(m)
n
1 HSTC-01 0.5 749.48
2 HSTC-02 0.5 757.33
3 HSTC-03 1.0 688.66
4 HSTC-04 1.0 680.81
5 HSTC-05 1.5 608.22
6 HSTC-06 1.5 622.94
 TABLE 9 RESULTS OF CFSTC
Ultimate
Specimen Height of Grade of
SL NO. Compressive
Designation column (m) concrete infilled
Load (KN)
1 CFST-01 0.5 M20 884.86
2 CFST-02 0.5 M20 912.33
3 CFST-03 0.5 M40 1020.24
4 CFST-04 0.5 M40 1059.48
5 CFST-05 1.0 M20 797.55
6 CFST-06 1.0 M20 808.34
7 CFST-07 1.0 M40 819.14
8 CFST-08 1.0 M40 830.91
9 CFST-09 1.5 M20 725.94
10 CFST-10 1.5 M20 741.64
11 CFST-11 1.5 M40 755.37
12 CFST-12 1.5 M40 769.10
 Failure of columns

Failure of the 0.5m HST Failure of the CFST column 1.5m

 TEST RESULTANALYSIS

• The axial load carrying capacity of CFST columns was

increased by

• 19.3% and 38% for M20 and M40.

• 17.3% and 22.2% for M20 and M40.
• 19.7% and 24.3% for M20 and M40.

• The failure of the CFST columns of height 0.5m was basically due to
the local buckling near the mid height compare to the failure of Hollow
Steel Tubular columns which failed due to inward local buckling near
the ends.

• The failures of the CFST columns of height 1.0m and 1.5m were
basically due to the overall buckling which was very much similar
in case of Hollow Steel Tubular columns.
STUDY ON CIRCULAR AND SQUARE CFST COLUMNS
SUBJECTED TO AXIAL COMPRESSION LOAD

• Here we compare axial load carrying capacitys of the circular and

square CFST columns of high grade of steel for different grades
(M20, M30 & M40) of concrete.
PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS USED
STEEL

• Here grade 310 steel is used

CONCRETE
SPECIMEN PROPERTIES
 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
• Three different grades of concrete i.e. M20, M30 & M40 has been used of two different shapes
(circular & square) of CFST columns and 6 specimen for each grade of concrete is evaluated.

• The columns were fixed at both ends and axial compressive load was applied.

• Dial gauge was used to measure longitudinal deformations of the columns

• The load was applied in small increments of 50 KN

• At each load increment, the deformations were recorded.

• All specimens were loaded up to ultimate load

 EXPERIMENTAL SET UP

Square and circular CFST under axial compression

 RESULTANALYSIS

FOR CIRCULAR CFST

FOR SQUARE CFST
Curve for hollow steel tube
curve for square CFST
curve for circular CFST
 RESULTANALYSIS
• Ultimate load for square shape CFST sections are
quite higher compared to circular ones.

• It can be observed that the strength to weight ratio of 80

mm hollow square column is about 35% more than that
of 88.9 mm hollow circular column. Therefore, about
30% of steel can be saved when square columns are
used to obtain the same load capacity instead of circular
columns.
 Advantages of CFST columns
• Local buckling of the steel tube is delayed due to the restraining effect of
concrete.

• The strength of concrete is increased due to the confining effect

provided from the steel tube.
• Drying, shrinkage and creep of concrete are much smaller than in
ordinary reinforced concrete.
• Forms and reinforcing bars are omitted and concrete casting is done by
pumping method, which lead to savings of manpower and constructional
cost and time.
• CFST columns used concrete 62% less and steel 5%~10% less than
that of RC columns.

• Compared with steel column, CFST ones used 50% less and decreases
cost 45%

• It is about 55% lighter than that of RC. Hence, the foundation cost
can be reduced.

• The size of column is smaller, increases the usable floor area by 3.3%
 APPLICATIONS OF CFST
Shenzhen SEG Plaza

• Highest tall building adopted CFST

• completed in 1999
• Highest one in China and abroad
• 356 meters tall
 Wangchang East River Bridge

• First CFST Arch Bridge in China

• CFST has higher compression capacity and ductility and is
good for the application of arch bridge
• Span 115m
 CONCLUSION
• The axial load carrying capacity of CFST columns compared to hollow steel tubes was
increased.
• The failure of the CFST columns was basically due to the local buckling near the mid
height compare to the failure of Hollow Steel Tubular columns which failed due to inward
local buckling near the ends.

• Ultimate load (Pu) for square shape CFST sections are quite higher compared to circular
ones. Although, they were kept of same thickness & same resisting area under
compressive load.

• Ultimate axial shortening values for circular CFSTs are quite large than square ones for
all grades of concrete. i.e. ductility index of circular CFSTs are better.
REFERENCES
Journal Papers

 Burak Evirgen,Ahmet Tuncan and Kivans Taskin(2014)”Stuctural behavior of concrete filleed steel tubular
sections(CFT/CFST)”
 Fuyun Huang,Xinmeng Yu and Baochun Chen(2012)”The structural performance of axially loaded CFST columns
under various loading conditions”
 Aritomas Kuranovas,Douglas Goode,Audronis Kazimeras Kazimieras Kvedaras and Shantong Zhong(2008)”Load
bearing capacity of concrete filled steel columns”

Online articles:

 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263823114000767
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a/abs/pii/S0950061819316897
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143974X18302566