ARCHTECTURAL DESIGN

CONSIDERATIONS
 GUIDED BY:  SUBMITTED BY:
Ar. SWASTI STHAPAK BHASKAR KOMARA
Ar. NEHA AWASTHI ROLL:11122008
Thermal Storage Walls or
Trombe Walls
Advantages:

 Eliminates glare
 Lowers temperature swings in room
 Vents allow partition of energy into daytime
and nighttime heating
 Sun hits entire mass
Precautions:

 More expensive and less efficient than Direct

Gain
 More difficult to reduce nighttime losses
 Best for sunnier climates
 Occupies valuable space in building
Trombe Wall Diagram
Trombe Wall with Vents
Operation of Trombe Wall
 Sunlight hits the darkened mass wall and absorbed
heat moves slowly across the wall
 The inside surface temperature peaks 6-8 hours after
the midday outside surface peak
 Operational vents allow optional controlled air
circulation into the space during the day
 Overhang reduces wall sun exposure during the
warmer months
WIND TOWER
 In a wind tower, the hot air enters the tower
through the openings in the tower, gets
cooled, and thus becomes heavier and sinks
down.

 The inlet and outlet of rooms induce cool air

movement.

 In the presence of wind, air is cooled more

effectively and flows faster down the tower
and into the living area.

 After a whole day of air exchanges, the

tower becomes warm in the evenings.
Wind tower in Jodhpur Hostel to catch
favorable cool wind from south-west for
 During the night, cooler ambient air comes passive cooling

in contact with the bottom of the tower

through the rooms. Building-integrated chimney in Sudha and
Atam Kumar’s residence in New Delhi from
effective ventillation especially during humid
season.
The system works effectively in hot and
dry climates where fluctuations are
high.

A wind tower works well for individual

units not for multi-storeyed
apartments.

In dense urban areas, the wind tower

has to be long enough to be able to
catch enough air.

 Also protection from driving rain is

difficult.
EARTH AIR TUNNELS
Daily and annual temperature fluctuations decrease with the
increase in depth below the ground surface.

At a depth of about 4 m below ground, the temperature inside

the earth remains nearly constant round the year and is nearly
equal to the annual average temperature of the place.

A tunnel in the form of a pipe or otherwise embedded at a

depth of about 4 m below the ground will acquire the same
temperature as the surrounding earth at its surface.

Therefore, the ambient air ventilated through this tunnel will

get cooled in summer and warmed in winter and this air can be
used for cooling in summer and heating in winter.
PASSIVE DOWNDRAFT
EVAPORATIVE COOLING
SYSTEM
Evaporative cooling has been used for many centuries in
parts of the middle east, notably Iran and turkey.

In this system, wind catchers guide outside air over water-
filled pots, inducing evaporation and causing a significant
drop in temperature before the air enters the interior.

Such wind catchers become primary elements of the

architectural form also.

Passive downdraught evaporative cooling is particularly

effective in hot and dry climates.
Roof Pond Cooling System
 The roof absorbs the highest amount of
solar radiation during summer.
 On a hot ummer day the surface temp. of
the roof could reach upto 80 degree celsius.
 The roof also has the largest exposure to
the sky dome and hence can be used
effectively for night sky radiation.
 Roof slab has to be waterproofed enough that water
should not be leak.
 On the water proofed roof, water is stored andsliding
deck is installed.
 In the night sky the roof pond is exposed to cool the
water.
 During daytime, insulated metal deck shades the roof
pond and stop the water from evaporating.
 The cooled water acts as a radiant cooling system.
SOLAR CHIMNEY
 Is a way of improving
the natural ventilation
of building by using
convection of air heated
by passive solar energy.
 Solar chimney is that of
vertical shaft utilization
solar energy to enhance
the natural stack
ventilation through a
building.
 Its simplest form, the solar chimney consists of a black-
painted chimney.

 Solar collector can be located in the top part of the

chimney

 The orientation, insulation and thermal properties of this

element are crucial for harnessing, retaining and utilizing
solar gains.
THERMAL MASS
CONSTRUCTION
 Thermal mass refers to materials have the
capacity to store thermal energy for extended
periods.
• Thermal mass can be
used effectively to absorb
daytime heat gains
(reducing cooling load)
and release the heat during
the night (reducing heat
load).
Strategies
Slow rate of indoor heating in summer (minimize solar gain).
Fast rate of indoor cooling and ventilation in summer evenings.
Higher indoor temperatures during the day in winter.
Slow release of stored heat during winter night.
THANK YOU