Installation of Carbon

Capture and Storage in

Refineries and power plants
Submitted By:
Siddahrt Kumar Singh Shayam babu
Somsankar Bhattacharjee Shrishti Ojha
 Global Trends

Source: IEA Report 2019.

Why do we need CCS?

 Climate game changer: only technology to reduce large scale emission in

power plant or refineries.
 Accredited by IEA and IPCC to play critical role in reaching Paris climate
treaty, CCS could deliver 19% of global emissions reductions, and account
for over 30% of reductions from the power sector by 2050.
 Through enhanced oil recovery (EOR) improved crude production from
existing oil fields, and also permanently store CO2.
 The last decade has seen an increased annual GHG emission at an
average rate of 2.2% as compared to 1.3% per year(2001-2010) in the
preceding decades.(1970-2000)
 India’s dependency on coal fired power plants.
Carbon Sequestration:

 It is used to describe both natural and deliberative processes which are

used to either remove CO2 from the atmosphere or divert CO2 from
emission sources and stored in the ocean, terrestrial environments
(vegetation, soils, and sediments
The process:

 CCS consists of three processes:

 1) separation and capture
of CO2 from industrial and energy-related sources;
 2)transportation of the captured CO2 to a storage location;
and
 3) long-term isolation from the atmosphere.

 Help mitigate the negative impacts of GHG

 Involves “Capturing” and “Storing”
 Underground geological formations
 India have 4000 dry wells
What to do with the trapped CO2?

 Physical trapping by immobilising CO2 in a gaseous or supercritical phase in

deep geological formations.
 CO2 can be used as a value added commodity.
 CO2 as feedstock with algae can be converted into biomass.
 Chemical trapping in formation fluids (water/hydrocarbon) either by
dissolution or by ionic trapping.
 Indian storage scenario:
 There are three main proposed underground storage sites: depleted oil and
gas reservoirs; deep saline formations; and deep unmineable coal seams.

Source: Energy Digest, IOCL, July 2015 Issue.

 Projections of storage areas

:
Source Holloway S, Garg A, Kapshe M, Deshpande A, Pracha AS, Khan SR, et al. A regional assessment of the potential for CO2 storage in the Indian
subcontinent. IEA GHG R&D Programme; 2008.
Green Economy Prototype
Source: Global CCS institute report, 2017.
 CCS Cost Structure
 Not cheap
 Combination of two projects- “Carbon capture” and “Carbon Storage”
 CO2 once trapped, converted to liquid for transportation
There are 5 types of cost
Capturing requires two processes-
1. Scrubber
2. Absorption Chemical
Scrubber- One time investment/ Fixed Cost
Absorption Material - Variable cost
Fuel Cost - CCS plant itself needs fuel to run – Energy penalty (Units of energy consumed*
market price of fuel)
Transportation cost- include fixed cost and variable cost
Storage cost
Source- ALSTOM CCS Cost Workshop, Paris
Case study- Vidhyanchal Thermal
Power Station
 Located in Singrauli district, Madhya Pradesh
 Installed capacity 4760 MW
 Coal supplied from Nigahi mines
 Monthly coal consumption- 21,05,000 tonnes
 Annual Co2 emission – 34,000 Giga-Gram
Thank You!