Operating

System
os
 Definition
Operating system is an
interface between the user
and hardware and it is also
defined as one program that is
running all the time in the
computer
 Goals Of Operating System
 Execute user programs in a user

friendly atmosphere
 Make computer convenient to

use
 Types Of Operating
System

 Single-User Operating System

 Multi-User Operating System

 Single-User Operating
System

This is one of the type of operating

system were at a time only one user can
operate the system. Example for single
user operating system is Microsoft-Disk
Operating System (MS-DOS)
 Multi-User Operating
System
This is one of the type of operating
system were more than one user can
operate the system simultaneously.
Example for multi-user operating
system is Windows 2000, Windows
Xp,Windows vista etc…….
Characters of Operating System

• User Interface
• Memory Management
• Process Management
• File Management
• Networking Capabilities Management
• Security Management
• Fault Tolerance
• Application Base
• Distributed Operating System
 User Interface
Operating System should concentrate on
the user interface.
Only way that you can interact with a
computer is through the user interface.
The User Interface of the Operating System
should be appealing to the senses.
Ex:
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Memory Management

• In Memory Management any error in the user

program should not be allowed to spoil the
entire memory.
• Operating System divides the memory into user
memory and reserved memory.
• If some errors creep into the user program,user

memory alone gets affected however reserved

memory remains in unaffected condition.
Process Management
Process Management undertakes the

allocation of processors to 1 program.

Several Algorithms are used to allocate the
job to the processor

FIFO (First In First Out)

SJF (Shortest Job First)
Round-Robin (Circular)
Priority (Memory)
 Security Management
The biggest challenge to Computer’s industry
is to
safeguard one’s data.
The Operating System provides 3 levels
Security to the user

(a) File Access Level

(b) System Level
(c) Network Level
 Fault Tolerance

Operating System should be robust.

When there is a fault, the OS won’t
crash since they have fault tolerance.
 Application Base
The OS should provide a solid basis
for running many popular
applications.

For Example,
One can type a text in word pad
and also hear song in a music
player at the same time.