The

EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
OF ORIGIN OF STATE
EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
 This theory is also known as sociological or the
correct theory of the origin of the state.

 The Evolutionary Theory is regarded as the

true and correct theory regarding the origin of
the state.

 This theory helps in understanding the forces

and factors, which created the state and
historical stage through which it passed.
 Main supporters of the theory are J.W.
Burgess, MacIver, Garner and Gettell.
EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
 According to Leacock, “the state is a growth,
an evolution, the result of a gradual process
running through out all the known history of
man and receding into remote and unknown
past”

 The origin of the state cannot be traced to a

single factor of a definite period. There are
many factors.
FACTORS OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY

1. Kinship
2. Magic and Religion
3. Property and the rise of Economic Classes
4. War and Force
5. Political Consciousness
FACTORS OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY

1. KINSHIP
 The earliest human organizations were
based on kinships or blood
relationship.
 Blood relationship was the most
important bond of union among the
primitive people.
 The people who had their origin in a
common ancestor lived together in
separate social units.
According to Maclver, “Kinship created society and
society at length created the state”
FACTORS OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY

2. Magic and Religion

 Religion gave unity to the people both in
primitive and middle ages.
 In ancient times people were not civilized
and advanced. So they did not
understand the forces of nature. At that
stage of man was at the mercy of nature.
 ANIMISM- worships of animals, trees
and stones.
FACTORS OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY

2. Magic and Religion

 Some people tribes had the knowledge of
these forces. So they acquired superiority
over others and became their leaders.
 With the passage of time such men
became a powerful instrument for
keeping control over the people.
 Religion came to be organize as a
regular instituition.
FACTORS OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
3. PROPERTY AND THE RISE OF
ECONOMIC CLASSES
 In the beginning people roomed from
place to place in search of pasture and
water. They did not know what agriculture
was and how crops were cultivated.
 As a result of this they did not occupy a
particular territory and lead a settled life.
 This compelled them to occupy land, with
this there arose the need to have an
authority to define property rights and
property relations and to decide issues
like inheritance, theft, exchange of
goods, etc.
FACTORS OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
3. PROPERTY AND THE RISE OF
ECONOMIC CLASSES
 This means that the government and the
state came into existence with the
beginning of the private property and the
division of the society with classes.
FACTORS OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
4. WAR AND FORCES
 Force aso played an important part in
the development of the state.
 In primitive ages, a powerful person
would rally around him a number of
warriors and attack certain territory and
would establish his domination over it.
 History shows that big states were
formed by force.
 The application of force also gave
territoriality to modern states.
FACTORS OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
5. POLITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS
 The fifth factor which contributed to the
growth and development of the state was
the slow rise of political consciousness.
 In course of time, the supreme
importance of maintaning peace and
order within the community and defending
the country against any external
aggression was felt.
 It is here that political consciousness
appears in the real form.
 EVOLUTIONARY THEORY
 The Evolutionary Theory of the origin of the
state contains the best elements of the other
theories of origin of the state.
 The Evolutionary tells us about the divine
origin theory by its element religion,
patriarchal and matriarchal theories through
kinship, social contract through social instinct.
 The evolutionary theory of the origin of the
state is the combined form of all earlier
theories of the state.
Group 4

 CLAIRE ASHLEY JUAN

 MAYFLOR GUITTAP

 ANGEL LHYKA JOROLAN

 FHEBIE GUITTAP