INTRODUCTION OF SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

 refers to historical changes in thought & belief

 to changes in social & institutional organization, that unfolded in Europe
between roughly 1550-1700
 This time, Scholar began to use Scientific method to prove their theories

Francis Bacon
• Developed the scientific method
• Based on observation and
experimentation
• Testable hypothesis
  'De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium'
('On the Revolutions of the Celestial
Spheres')

 Heliocentric (sun-centered) cosmos.

 Who proposed universal laws and a Mechanical

Universe.
  Rene Descartes (1596-
 Johannes Kepler (1571- 1650)
1630)
 3 Laws of Planetary
Motion

Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) • William Harvey

Telescope English doctor
who proved that blood circulates
through the body & is pumped by
the heart
 The Scientific Revolution provides an excellent exercise for thinking about how historical
periodization emerge, develop, and mature. Arguably, periodization serve as paradigms,
for students and scholars alike. They also serve as a forum for debate. Good periodization
foster debate, and the best among them grow more richly problematic, they promote ever
more focused research and ever more imaginative and satisfying interpretations of past
events.

 All students of history confront these kinds of issues. They are ever present in any
historical periodization, whether it be the Renaissance, Reformation, Scientific Revolution,
and Enlightenment, or the Colonial Period, Civil War, Gilded Age, 'Sixties', or Harlem
Renaissance.
 The learned view of things in 16th-century thought was that the world was composed of Four
Qualities Aristotle’s

 Earth
 Water
 Air
 Fire

 By contrast, Newton's learned contemporaries believed that the world was made of atoms or
corpuscles (small material bodies). By Newton's day most of learned Europe believed the earth
moved
 As a periodization, the Scientific Revolution has grown increasingly complex. As it
has attempted to take account of new research and alternative perspectives, new
additions and alterations have been made. Among the most obvious additions over
the last 50 years have been a number of sub-periodization that have been spawned
by more narrow research topics, usually from a more focused topical theme or from
a more narrow chronological period.