Art History I

The Romanesque Art

VYPRACOVAL: Mgr, Vladislav, Kravec Február 2015

„Moderné vzdelávanie pre vedomostnú spoločnosť/Projekt je spolufinancovaný zo zdrojov EÚ“

 Content
1. The Romanesque Period
• Origins
• Architecture
• Sculpture
• Painting
 The Romanesque Period
Origins
• Romanesque means „like the Romans“ or
„Roman-like“
• encompassed the 11th and 12th Centuries
• feudalism provided some military and economic
security
• church had very strong unifying influence and its
authoritian rule extended (beyond the spiritual)
into every aspect of community life
• during this period the church remained the
predominant influence in western Europe.
 The Romanesque Period
Architecture
 Many elements reflect Roman architecture
• heavy proportions
• the barrel vault (valená klenba)
• rounded arch (plný oblúk)
• The use of sculpture with architecture
 Buildings have few windows
 The tower becomes integral part of the church
design, sometimes isolated from the church(
called a bell tower or „campanile“)
 The Romanesque Period
Architecture
Churces were built on variety of floor plans:
• The Latin Cross plan (most used)
• Greek Cross plan
• The basilica style (revived in Italy)
 The Romanesque Period
Sculpture
Used in conjuncton with architecture
Noted primarily in the portals:
• Archivolts
• Tympanum
characteristic elongated bodies
unreal and inorganic
spiritual and flat
almost always frontal position is used
 The Romanesque Period
Painting
1. Fresco (dry frescoes)
• Colours limited and appear flat and full
• Pigments mixed with water and glue-based substances
2. Manuscript
• Painted in watercolours and ink on vellum or
parchment
• Often decorated with gold leaf
3. Panel
• On wood or ceramic tiles
• Some panels show figures with volume and weight with
drapery suggesting a body underneath (Nicolas of
Verdun)
 sources
• http://www.kenney-
mencher.com/pic_old/romanesque_gothic/diagram_romanes
que_church_portal.jpg
• https://2008remodel.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/milano_sa
nt_ambrogio_plan1.gif
• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1
4/SaintPierre.svg/2000px-SaintPierre.svg.png
• http://moocva.com/wp-
content/uploads/2015/01/decoration-other-marvelous-mr-
bells-world-history-2-eso-session-7-religion-and-and-in-
drawing-and-sculpture-charming-gothic-and-romanesque-
architecture.png
Activity Title: ROMANESQUES AND GOTHIC ERA PAINTING
Learning Target: Analyze the elements and principles in the
production of work following the style of Medieval Arts.

PROCESS QUESTIONS
1. What are the methods used in Romanesque painting?
Give at least one characteristic of each method.
2. Which among of the floor plans in constructing Churches
during Romanesque period is mostly used?
3. Who were the famous Gothic famous manuscript
painters?
4. What are the two styles in Gothic panel painting?
• https://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/470/flashcards/2
108470/jpg/medieval__romanesque_floorplan_-
_st_sernin__toulouse1351780914524.jpg
• https://deirdremorgan1.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/apostle
-at-st-sernins-1090s.jpg
• http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-
9C0ZNmY5p50/T3AH2JDJbSI/AAAAAAAAETQ/9UhiY1M7g7M/
s1600/Annunciation+Birth+of+Samson.jpg
• http://www.wga.hu/art/zgothic/mural/11c1/12berze.jpg
• http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/arth/Images/arth212
images/Romanesque/manuscripts/worcester_chronicle.jpg