HYDROSTATIC &

HYDRODYNAMIC BEARING
Name:Kalani Mitesh H.
Machine tool engg.
Fluid bearings are bearings in which the load is
supported by a thin layer of rapidly moving
pressurized liquid or gas between the bearing
surfaces. Since there is no contact between the
moving parts, there is no sliding friction, allowing
fluid bearings to have lower friction, wear and
vibration than many other types of bearings.

They can be broadly classified into two types: fluid

dynamic bearings (also known as hydrodynamic
bearings) and hydrostatic bearings.
Hydrostatic bearings are externally pressurized fluid
bearings, where the fluid is usually oil, water or air,
and the pressurization is done by a pump.

Hydrodynamic bearings rely on the high speed of the

journal (the part of the shaft resting on the fluid) to
pressurize the fluid in a wedge between the faces.
Hydrostatic bearings rely on an external pump.
The power required by that pump contributes to
system energy loss, just as bearing friction
otherwise would. Better seals can reduce leak
rates and pumping power, but may increase
friction.
Hydrodynamic bearings rely on bearing motion to
suck fluid into the bearing, and may have high
friction and short life at speeds lower than design,
or during starts and stops. An external pump or
secondary bearing may be used for startup and
shutdown to prevent damage to the hydrodynamic
bearing. A secondary bearing may have high
friction and short operating life, but good overall
service life if bearing starts and stops are
infrequent
HYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION

Hydrodynamic lubrication, also known as fluid-film

lubrication has essential elements:

A lubricant, which must be a viscous fluid.

Hydrodynamic flow behavior of fluid between
bearing and journal.
The surfaces between which the fluid films move
must be convergent.
Hydrodynamic (full film) lubrication is obtained
when two mating surfaces are completely
separated by a cohesive film of lubricant.

Hydrodynamic lubrication requires thin, converging

fluid films. These fluids can be liquid or gas, so long
as they exhibit viscosity. In computer fan and
spinning device, like a hard disk drive, heads are
supported by hydrodynamic lubrication in which the
fluid film is the atmosphere.
Advantages
Support very large loads. The load support
is a function of the pressure drop across the
bearing and the area of fluid pressure
action.
Load does not depend on film thickness or
lubricant viscosity.
Long life (infinite in theory) without wear
of surfaces
Provide stiffness and damping coefficients
of very large magnitude. Excellent for
exact positioning and control. _x0000_
Disadvantage
Require ancillary equipment. Larger
installation and maintenance costs.
Need of fluid filtration equipment. Loss of
performance with fluid contamination.
High power consumption because of
pumping losses.

Potential to show pneumatic hammer

instability for highly compressible fluids,
i.e. loss of damping at low and high
frequencies of operation due to compliance
and time lag of trapped fluid volumes.
Application of hydrodynamic bearing

Delicate instruments.
Light machines like watches, clocks, guns, sewing
machines.
Scientific instruments.
Large plain bearings like pedestal bearings, main
bearing of diesel engines.
 Thank you
.