HISTORY OF

EDUCATIONAL
PLANNING IN THE
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PHILIPPINES
(RADNEY JAY B. ABING)
 1. Organization that Process of Overall Development
Planning

1.1 In 1993, Commonwealth Act No. 2 was passed which

HISTORY created the National Education Council (NEC). It was the
central authority responsible for the “formulation of definite
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and consistent national economic policies and the preparation
of comprehensive economic and social development plan.

 The formulation of any set of policies or any program in the

council, was usually the concern of any or all of the following
four groups:
- The Council Proper composed of Congressional
members, appointive members from the Executive Branch and
Representatives of the Private Sectors.
 - The Technical Staff for the council, composed of
members of its three main offices: National Planning, Foreign
Aid Coordination and Statistical Coordination and Standards;
- Other Departments, offices and agencies of the
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Department of Finance, Presidential Economic Staff and
- The Private Sector

1.2 The law required approval by the President of both policies

and programs of the Council before they could be implemented
by the government’s departments, offices, and agencies. The
National Economic Council was under the Office of the
President and headed by a chairman with cabinet rank. He
was directly responsible to the President of the Philippines.
 1.3 Aside from NEC , there were planning committees set up in
some of the departments or agencies of the government.
 1962 – the Program Implementation Agency (PIA) was
created through Executive Order No. 17 to meet the need
for an implementation authority to push through
development plans.
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 1966 – the PIA was changed to PES, Presidential Economic
Staff. These two agencies – the NEC and the PES, the one on
planning and the other on programming, stood head above
all other government executive departments, corporations,
financial institutions, chartered cities and local governments in
matters pertaining to these two functions.
- On the regional level, planning was undertaken by the
various regional development authorities.
- On the local level, a provincial economic planning was set
under the auspices of the defunct Emergency Administration
 1.4 The NEC was basically an advisory body with no executive
functions.

1.5 Executive Order No, 53, dated December 8, 1996 created

the Manpower Development Council under the Office of the
President of the Philippines to undertake the responsibility of
assessing the needs for trained personnel at various occupation

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levels.

1.6 With the proclamation of Martial Law in 1972 and the

implementation of the Integrated Reorganization Plan, the
National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) was
created for the purpose of recommending continuing coordinated
and fully integrated social and economic plans and programs.
- This body is primarily charged with the task of
overseeing government programs. It is central agency for national
development planning and coordination of program
implementation.
 Development of Educational Planning
In 1954, the defunct Congress of the Philippines created the
Board of National Educational through Republic Act No. 1124.
Its broad functions were:
 to formulate the objectives and basic policies of education in
conformity with the Constitution;

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 to coordinate the objectives, functions, and activities of
different types of educational institutions; and
 set up general goals of accomplishments for the entire school
system.

Republic Act No. 4372 amended Republic Act No, 1124 and
provided among others the following additional functions of the
Board of National Education;
 To establish guidelines, policies, and criteria on the basis of
which the examination, evaluation and approval of
 textbooks by the Board of Textbooks shall be made.
 To compile educational statistics, keep records on education,
conduct researches, surveys etc.
 To secure data and information from all government offices
and entities and educational institutions, public and private,
and to consult and confer with the offices and personnel

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thereof, on such matters as may necessary for the Board to
discharge its functions.
 To submit an annual report to the President and to Congress not
later than January thirty-first of each year which shall include
a compilation of the national educational policies formulated
by the Board, an evaluation of the national educational system,
and recommendation to the Executive and Legislative branches
of the government on the improvement of the educational
system of the country.
 It can be said that in the past years the partial
educational planning in the Philippines, both of policy and
implementing levels, was more concerned with “humanistic
values, quality of instruction, and cost-determination”, than
integration into the general strategy for accelerated economic
development, according to the DECS.
Through the Office of the Division of Educational Planning,

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the Department of Education conducted a comprehensive review
of the educational system in coordination with the Presidential
Commission to Survey Philippine Education (PCSPE). One of the
concrete measures recommended by the PCSPE was to expand the
planning Division. Consequently, Educational Decree of 1972
provides in part . . . the National Board of Education (NBE) shall
be assisted by an office of planning and research known as
Planning Service in the Department of Education, the Planning
Service of the Department of Education and Culture Secondary
and Higher Education.
 From Spanish and American Era Educational
Planning was used, but not visible enough

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compared to present educational planning
activities. It was abused that led to wasteful
imbalances of our much limited school inputs.
 TIMELINE
1.3 Program implementation Agency
(PIA) was created through EO No. 17
1.4 NEC basically advisory body
with no executive functions.
-Development Council was formed
1.5 Executive Order No. 53 December
08, 1966
- Manpower Development Council,
assessing human resources and
forecasting the needs for training
personnel.

1954 1965 1969

1962
2. Development of Educational Planning
2.1 Board of National Education was
created through RA No. 1124
RA No. 4372 amended RA 1124
1966
2.2 Board of National Education (BNE) May 02, 1969
has been concentrated on the public - Division of Educational Planning
school system, particularly in financing become reality
and qualitative aspects.
 TIMELINE
1. Organization and Process of overall development Planning
1.1 Commonwealth Act No. 2 created the National Economic Council (NEC)
1.2 NEC was under the office of the president and headed by a chairman
with cabinet rank
National Economic Council Groups:
1. Council proper
2. Technical Staff

1972
3. Offices and Agencies of the Government
4. The private Sector

1993
Martial Law in 1972 and the implementation of the Integrated Reorganization Plan
-National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) was created for the purpose of
recommending continuing, coordinated and fully integrated social and economic.