Bhoj Reddy Engineering College for Women: Hyderabad

Department of Information Technology

IV B. Tech. I Sem. B Sec. Seminar Presentation
Academic year 2019-20 Date:03/11/2019

Automated Navigation System with Indoor

Assistance for the Blind
Presented
by
Sushma Podila
(16321A12B0)

Maya B Dhone C Murugamani M. Vinod

Seminar Guide Coordinator HOD-IT
Contents
• Introduction
• Objectives
• Scope
• Literature Survey
• Existing System
• Proposed Solution
• System Architecture
• Block Diagram
• Methodology used
• Applications
• Time Plan
• Advantages
• Drawbacks
• Future Enhancement
• Conclusion
• References
 Introduction
• Physical movement is one of the biggest challenges for blind people.

• Low vision people have a difficult time self-navigating in outside

environments.

• Many people with low vision will bring a sighted friend or family member to
help navigate unknown environments.

• Enables blind people to move with the same ease and confidence as sighted
people.
Contd…
• Avoids the obstacle based on ultra-sonic sensor.

• Facilitates the easier communication in case of emergencies.

• The system enables the blind people to move with the same ease, and
confidence as sighted people.

• An audio assistance system provided for user uses an audio bank with
simple known instructions. This makes the user to navigate freely in the
prepared environment.
There are many navigation devices that are available for Assisting the blind
smart canes, obstacle detectors etc.,
Objectives
The objectives are:

1.Independent navigation system

for blind visitors, ensuring
accurate results.

2.Self learning system with way

finding algorithms.

3.Implementation of concept of
image processing in navigation.
 Scope
• In the future, to provide information on more types of obstacles and more
accurate recognition, a broader range of obstacle images and a high-end server
equipped with a more powerful graphics processing unit could be used to
increase the number of recognition categories and the recognition rate.

• On the other hand, the feature recognition has extensibility.

• More recognition services of other object types can be added when the
computing ability of Smartphone improves.

• These improvements could provide more information without needing wireless

connections.
 Literature Survey
• IoT

• GPS(Global Positioning System)

• Sensors and obstacle detection

• Raspberry pi

• Speech Recognition(text to speech and speech to text)

• Mapping Indoor Surroundings

Existing System(1)
• System consists of two
boxes connected by a
cable.
• Uses
GPS
RFIDs
Wi-Fi
• Uses Voice Command
Communication.
 Existing System(2)
• Data transfer between the
server and client -
maximum.

• User interface - menu-

based.

• Collects filters and

integrates information.
 Proposed Solution
1.In an attempt to aid visually challenged people for navigation, aim to build an
automated navigation system with obstacle detector along with voice assistance
for the blind.

2.This can be used by normal people as well, for navigation assistance.

3.The system is aimed to be built as user friendly and simple as possible. It is

simply done by installing LEDS of specific colors in an indoor area with respect
to the directions. These colors are identified by the pi camera and a voice output
is produced which will guide the blind person throughout the path.
Smart cane with the modules
 System Architecture

The System Architecture is divided into three modules.

1. Navigation Module.

2. Destination Detection Module.

3. Object Detection Module.

 Navigation Module
• A location and tracking system becomes very important to our future world of
pervasive computing, where information is all around us.
• The solution is they need to completely depend on another person for moving
from one place to another.
• Usually blind people walks in forward direction by tapping their stick but a
problem arises in moving left or right.
• To overcome, blue colored LED indicates to move in left direction with two
buzzers and red colored LED indicates to move in Right direction with one
buzzer.
Design of Navigation Module
 Destination Detection Module
• Circuit is made as per the given connections. Connecting both the RX and TX pins
of Arduino vice versa. There are two codes for two Arduino board, one for sender
and other for receiver.
• RFID stands for radio frequency identification system.
• RFID tags come in two forms, Active and passive. Passive tags are powered when
needed by energy from a nearby RFID reader’s interrogating electromagnetic wave
using the principle of electromagnetic induction.
• All this is done within few seconds. Active tags on the other hand, have a local
power source and may operate hundreds of meters from the RFID reader.
Design for Destination Detection Module
 Object Detection Module
• It offers excellent non-contact range detection with high accuracy and stable
readings in an easy to-use package.
• From 2cm to 400 cm or 1” to 13 feet. Its operation is not affected by It
comes complete with ultrasonic transmitter and receiver module.
• Considering the travel time and the speed of the sound you can calculate
the distance.
Design of Object Detection Module
Block Diagram
Voice input Received/Transmitted
(Microphone) (Bluetooth/WiFi/GSM)
Speaker for
Camera for
human machine
precise
interaction
destination
detection
Buzzer for
Processor Obstacle
Obstacle (Raspberry Pi) indication
detection using
sensors

Rfid Tags for

Mapping
The smart blind cane is successfully designed consistent with all the
objectives achieved.
• The first objective is achieved by applied the programmable distance and
barrier detection system ultrasonic sensor.
• Develop a product or hardware that can determine distance and detect
barriers in front barriers.
• The second objective is achieved by complete the design to investigate the
design smart blind cane using ultrasonic sensor, voice module and buzzer.
• The third objective is achieved by design to provide data on a navigation
system based use ultrasonic sensor for barrier detection and studies that to
help visual-impaired to move in front very well and safety navigate.
 Methodology Used
The project uses :

 Cameras

 Ultrasound sensors Simultaneous Localization

 Mapping concept (SLAM)

The sensor suite consists of an RFID reader and a RFID finder.

Applications
Can be used in:
1.In indoor navigation
2.In outdoor navigation
3.In shopping malls.
4.By physically challenged
persons when no guidance
around.
5.This system can be used in
both the known and unknown
environments like airports,
malls and public parks etc.
Time Plan
 Advantages
• Guides blind people to move with the same ease and confidence as
sighted people.

• Detecting obstacles and alarming it through buzzing signal.

• Efficient low cost design.

• This system is applicable for both the indoor and outdoor environment.

• Destination detection is easy.

• It is user friendly.

• It can be used by both visually impaired and aged people.

 Drawbacks
• Recognition of obstacles up to knee level.

• Prone to injuries.

• Does not protect from obstacles at torso and face level.

• It requires many RFID microchips and it is not possible to put so many

chips for long distance. Hence the system is expensive.

• Difficulty in accessing the GPS coordinates in an indoor environment.

 Future Enhancement
• It can be further improved to have decision tracking capabilities by employing
varied types of sensors and thus could be used for different applications.

• The system also takes measures to ensure their safety. It can be enhanced by
making the system further compact.

• Additionally, we can implement voice alert system for different obstacles by

placing different sensors like depth sensor, temperature sensor, water sensor
etc.
 Conclusion
• The design and architecture of a new concept of Smart Guiding System for
blind people for Indoor Environment like Schools, Library, and Shopping
Malls etc., where the GPS is difficult to track.
• This deals with obstacles detection in the path using ultrasonic sensors,
destination detection using RFID, along with the voice commands for
navigation with all the objectives achieved successfully.
• In point out approach, colored LED’s are used for navigating the user. It
approximates and even outperforms earlier proposed scheme with appreciate
to repeatability, an area of expertise and robustness.
 References
https://vvvvw.aaai.org/Papers/IAAI/2004/IAAI04-014.pdf
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/1389688/
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7989772/?part=1
https://www.instructables.com/id/Assistance-for-Visually-Impaired-Featuring-
4Duino-/
https://www.instructables.com/id/THIRD-EYE-FOR-BLINDS-an-Innovative-
Wearable-Techno/#step3