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STRUCTURE OF SMART GRID
SMART GRID – PROTECTION SYSTEM
ISSUES IN SMART GRID PROTECTION PERSPECTIVE
Islanding and its detection
Safety of maintenance person
Frequency and Voltage collapses if generation is less
than demand
Over Voltage otherwise
DG should cease to energize on islanding
ISSUES IN SMART GRID PROTECTION PERSPECTIVE
Dynamic fault current level
Load , Voltage based
Feeder configuration based
Seasonal changes/temperature
DG/variable Infeed
ISSUES IN SMART GRID PROTECTION PERSPECTIVE
Bi directional power flow
Consumer can sell power
Smart grid may export or import power
Change of over current path ( topology)
Effect of unbalanced currents
Reclosing and out of phase connection
QUESTION TIME
Why communication system is important in
Protection of power system ?
Fault current is dynamic
Bidirectional power flow.
Information about the status of DGs
The processor classifies the system status
Relay setting need to be dynamic
EXISTING MICROGRID PROTECTION
SCHEMES
ADAPTIVE PROTECTION
Relay setting need to be adjusted accordingly
Grid connected – grid contributes fault current
Islanded capacity VSC/VSI – fault current
The topology/network configuration
Number of DES s and the power produced by DESs