GROUP 4

MEMBER;
JERALDINE DIAZ
REGINE SUMAYANG
MIA PALACIO
MARY GRACE SANCHEZ
THREE CATEGORIES OF ROCK
IGNEOUS(ex.granite)
-derived from the Latin word ignis,meaning fire.
-They undergo convection current comes from the molten magma.
-It is push by the magma.
-Hard and they are tough fined grain and glassy.
* 2 TYPES OF IGNEOUS ROCKS*
1.INSTRUSIVE- Inside the death's surface layer.It has smooth and small
crystal.
2.EXTRUSIVE-outside the earth layer.Formed by the lava.It has rough and
large sizes.These are rocks form by magma as it cool under earth crust.It
takes millions of years to cool and solidified.
SEDIMENTARY(ex.limestone)
-Once an igneous rocks break by the heat of the Sun,wind,chemical reaction plants
into small.
-It forms become sediments and carry more because of rocks elements such as
water,etc.
-they stick together and form sedimentary rocks.
*TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS*
-Breccia
-Conglomerate
-Sandstone
-Siltstone
-and shale are formed from mechanical weathering debris.
METAMORPHIC
-Combination of sedimentary and igneous rocks formation due to
environment conditions.
-Rocks under high temperatures and pressures in deep crust and
upper mantle.
-This are formed mainly in the lithosphere,wherever there is high
pressure and high temperature.If the pressure and temperature are
too high,methamorphic rock will melt and become magma.The
areas where methamorphic rocks form tend to be very close to
those where igneous rocks formed.
 TYPES OF METAMORPHIC
ROCKS
-Gneiss
-Phyllite
-Schists
-Slate
THE ORIGIN AND ENVIRONMENT OF
COMMON MINERALS AND ROCKS
MINERALS AND ROCKS
-Approximately 85% of the earth crust is composed
of oxygen and silicon.Together they form the silicon
oxygen tetrahedtron,which is the basic building block
of silicate minerals.Silicates are also termed as rock
forming minerals.
-Rocks are aggregate of minerals a rock can be
composed of a single mineral or more commonly
composed of an aggerate of two or morr minerals.
ROCK FORMING MINERALS
THE 8 MOST COMMON MINERALS
-The most common chemical elements in the crust are
oxygen(46.6%),silicon(27.7%),aluminum(8.1%),iron(5.0
%),calcium(3.6%),potassium(2.8%),sodium(2.6%),and
magnessium(2.1%).
-More than 90% on the crust is composed of silicate
minerals.
-Plagioclase is the most common important minerals in
the crust.
3 WAYS MINERALS CAN FORM
Minerals have several different ways in which they
can form,which talaga to the different ways that
ROCKS can form:
IGNEOUS MINERALS crystallize from molten
rock,METAMORPHIC MINERALS are recrystallized
from other minerals without melting,and
SEDIMENTARY MINERALS precipitate from water
and,sometimes,from air.
The kinds of enviroment do IGNEOUS
rocks form
The grain sizes of igneous rocks formed.2 Igneous
rocks rich in quartz and feldspar,such as
granite,granodiorite,and rhyolite,are
characteristically found in the continental crust.
The kinds of environments do
SEDIMENTARY rocks form
The origin of sedimentary rocks .The first
process,WEATHERING, produces the materials that
the sedimentary rocks is composed of by
mechanical(freezing,thawing)and
chemical(dissolution of Minerals,formation of new
minerals(clays) interaction between
atmosphere,hydrosphere and earth surface rocks.
The kinds of environments do
METAMORPHIC rocks form
METAMORPHIC rocks are formed mainly in the
lithosphere,wherever there is high pressure and high
tempereture.If the pressure and temperature ate too
high,METAMORPHIC rock will melt and become
magma.The areas where methamorphic rocks form
tend to be very closed to those where igneous rocks
form.
Geologic processes that occur on the
surfaces of the earth,such as
weathering,erosion,mans wasting
and sedimentation
Weathering
Weathering is when oxygen attacks the rock,while
erosion is when water freezes in the cracks causing the
rocks to break apart into smaller pieces.Weathering
describes how weather (such as rain and
temperature)affects the rocks,while erosion is the
physical deposition of sedimentinto river.
*2 TYPES of weathering*
-physical weathering
-chemical weathering
Erosion
Erosion is the removal and transport of surface
materials(soil,rocks,mud,etc.)through the action of
wind,water,and ice...The primary difference between
weathering and erosion is that weathering occurs in
place where as erosion involves movement to a new
location.
Erosion is the process by which soil and rock particles are
worn away and moved alsewhere by gravity,or by moving
transport agent-wind,water or ice.
Mans wasting
Mans wasting is the transfer or movement of rock or
soil down slope primarily by gravity.
Showing the result for geologic
processes that occur on the surfaces
of the earth,such as
weathering,erosion,mans wasting
and sedimentation
Weathering
Geological erosion
Mans wasting