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NUR 602 Musculoskeletal System Student Handout
NUR 602 Musculoskeletal System Student Handout
Musculoskeletal
System
Sara H. Mitchell, Ph.D., RN,
CPNP
The impact of diseases of the
musculoskeletal system
1.
2.
3
4
5
6.
Composition of the
Musculoskeletal System
The skeleton proper (bones & joints)
Skeletal muscles
Tendons
Ligaments
Nutrition & Musculoskeletal
Function
Fluoride Aluminum
Magnesium Copper
Zinc Iron
Manganese
Iodine
Assessment of the musculoskeletal
system
History-taking
Inspect & Palpate joints
Assess range of motion
Assess muscle strength
1
2
3
4
5
Joint motion - a review of terms
Flexion Inversion
Extension Eversion
Dorsiflexion Internal rotation
Plantar flexion External rotation
Adduction Pronation
Abduction Suppination
Measuring Range of Motion
If any limitation or
increase in ROM is
noted, use a
___________ to
measure the angles
precisely
Cervical Spine Assessment
Abnormal findings
H
A
T
Upper Extremity Assessment
Abnormal findings:
L
P
S
M
A
C
ROM of wrist & hand
Flexion –
Extension –
Hyperextension –
Ulnar deviation –
Radial deviation –
Spinal Assessment
Abnormal findings:
S
T
S
Torso Range of Motion
Abnormalities:
L
P
Lower Extremity ROM
Hip flexion with knee
straight –
Hip flexion with knee
flexed:
Internal & External
rotation :
Abduction :
Adduction :
Range of Motion of the Knee
Flexion-extension – 1350
Hyperextension - 100
Ballottement
Used to test for joint effusion
If there is an effusion present a palpated tap
will be present and the transmitted impulse
will be felt by the fingers on either side of the
patella
Ankle Range of Motion
Dorsiflexion – 20o
Plantar Flexion – 500
Inversion of hind foot – 50
Eversion of hind foot - 50
Alterations of Musculoskeletal
Function
Musculoskeletal Disorders of joints
Injuries n
s i
s Disorders of skeletal
Disorders of bone muscle
s
m
m
I
m
b I
Primary symptoms of
musculoskeletal disease
P
W
D
L
S
J
Phalen’s test
Ask the person to
hold both hands back
to back while flexing
the wrists 90 degrees.
Acute flexion of the
wrist for 60 seconds
produces numbness
and burning in a
person with carpal
tunel syndrome
Tinel’s Sign
In carpal tunnel
syndrome, percussion
of the median nerve
produces burning and
tingling along its
distribution, which is a
positive Tinel’s sign
The musculoskeletal system of
the young
C
E
B
S
Musculoskeletal assessment in
the pediatric patient
O Limp
T
L
L
G I
G S
S
_____________ Maneuver for
Congenital Dislocated Hip
With a dislocated hip, the
head of the femur is not
cupped in the acetabulum
but rests posterior to it.
Dislocation of the
hip functionally
shortens and
weakens hip and
pelvis muscles.