Commonwealth Government which was considered a transition government before the granting of the Philippine independence with American- inspired constitution. The 1935 Constitution was written in 1934, approved and adopted by the Commonwealth of the Philippines (1935–1946) and later used by the Third Republic (1946–1972). The first organic law for the Philippine Islands that provided for the creation of a popularly elected Philippine Assembly. The legislative power was vested in a bicameral legislature compose of The Philippine Constitution and The Philippine Assembly. Modified the structure of the Philippine government through the removal of the Philippine Commission replacing it with a Senate that served as Upper House and its members elected by the Filipino voters. Billof Rights for Filipinos Appointment of two non- voting Filipino Resident Commissioners as representative to the United States House of Representatives. It explicitly declared the purpose of the United States to end their sovereignty over the Philippines and recognized Philippine independence as soon as a stable government can be established. The Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act was the first US law passed setting a process and a date for the Philippines to gain independence from the United States. It was the result of the OsRox Mission led by Sergio Osmeña and Manuel Roxas. The law promised Philippine independence after 10 years, but reserved several military and naval bases for the United States, as well as imposed tariffs and quotas on Philippine imports. Itwas passed by the United States Congress that provided authority and define mechanisms for the establishment of a formal constitution by a constitutional convention. The members of the constitution were elected and held their first meeting on July 30, 1934 with Claro M. Recto unanimously elected as president. The constitution was crafted to meet the approval of the United States government and to ensure that the United States would live up to its promise to grant independence to the Philippines. The Filipino people, imploring the aid of Divine Providence, in order to establish a government that shall embody their ideals, conserve and develop the patrimony of the nation, promote the general welfare, and secure to themselves and their posterity the blessings of independence under a régime of justice, liberty, and democracy, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution. The Constitution created the Commonwealth of the Philippines that governed our country from 1935-1946. It is a transitional administration to prepare the country toward its full achievemnet of independence. It originally provided for a unicameral National Assembly with a president and a vice president elected to a six year term without re-election. It is amended in 1940 to have a bicameral Congress as well as the creation of an independent electoral commission. The term of the president and vice-president was limited to 4 years with one re-election. Right to suffrage were originally afforded to male citizens of the Philippines who are twenty-one years of age or over and are able to read and write. The draft of the constitution was approved by the constitutional convention on 8 February 1935 and ratified by the U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt on 25 March 1935. Elections were held in September 1935 and Manuel L. Quezon was elected President of the Commonwealth. The Commonwealth was briefly interrupted by the events of World War II, with the Japanese occupying the Philippines. The Philippines was declared an independent republic on 4 July 1946. Write TRUE if the statement is TRUE and if the statement is FALSE underline the word/s and change it to the correct answer. 1. The Philippine Organic Act of 1902 was the second organic law of the Philippine Islands that provided for the creation of Philippine Assembly. 2. The Philippine Autonomy Act was also commonly referred as Tydings-Mcduffie Act. 3. Sergio Osmeña was unanimously elected as President during the first meeting of the constitutional convention. 4. Rights to suffrage were originally afforded to male citizens of the Philippines who are 18 years of age. 5. The 1935 Commonwealth Constitution was originally provided for a unicameral assembly with a president and vice president elected to a six year term with one re-election.
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