American Regime

(1898-1941)
 The Filipino Revolutionists won against the Spaniards who
colonized us more than 1300 years.
 June 12,1898 – Independence day
 Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo is the first President of the Philippines
Republic
 The Fil-American war resulted in the defeat of Gen. Miguel
Malvar in 1903
 As early as 1990 peace movement started through writings
against the nationalism
 Filipino writers went through all forms of literature.
 Their writings clearly depicted their 7-8 love of country and
their longings for independence.
Newspapers

 El Nuevo Dia ( The New Year ) by Sergio Osmeña in 1990

 El Grito Del Pueblo ( The Call of the Nation ) by Pascual

Poblete 1990

 El Renacimiento ( The Rebirth) by Rafael Palma 1901

Plays

 Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas ( Yesterday, Today and

Tomorrow ) by Aurelio Tolentino

 Tanikalang Ginto by Juan Abad

 Malaya by Tomas Remigio

 Walang Sugat by Severino Reyes

Characteristic of Literature during this
Period

 During first year of American period the language of

Spanish and Tagalog are used in writings.

 In 1910 English added as a medium of literature.

 But this three groups has differ in their method of

reporting or writing.
Literature in Spanish

 The inspiration of the Filipino writers in Spanish is Rizal not only

because of hid being a national leader but mostly because of
his novels Noli and Fili.
 This two novels has the best qualities that ever written.
Cecilio Apostol wrote the poems dedicated to Rizal, Jacinto,
Mabini and all other heroes but his poem dedicated to Rizal is
consider the best poem in praise of the hero of Bagumbayan.
Fernando Ma. Guerrero he also dedicated poem to Rizal
entitled INVOCACION A RIZAL ( Call to Rizal ) on June 19, 1901 to
commemorate Rizal’s birthday but he collected the best of his
poems in a book called CRISALIDAS which means kind of black,
wooly caterpillar.
Jesus Balmori is well-known for his pen name Batikuling. Had a
debate with Manuel Bernabe on the topic of Remembrance
and Forgetfulness. He also elected as Poet Laureate in Spanish.
Manuel Bernabe is a lyric poet and fierceness of his nationalistic
spirit was unchanged in any of topic he wrote about
Claro M. Recto collected his poems in a book entitled BAJOS
LOS COCOTEROS(Under the Coconut Tree)
Other Writers in Spanish
Adelina Guerrea first woman poet in the Philippines; obtained
Zobel prize in her song El Nido ( The Nest)
Isidro Marpori famous for his four books called Aromas De
Ensueño (Scent of Dreams)
Macario Adriatico wrote the legend of Mindoro called La Punta
de Salto (The Plce of Origin)
Epifanio de los Santos known as Don Panyong; a leader and
biographer
Pedro Aunario wrote Decalogo del Proteccionismo