DHARAVI SLUM , MUMBAI

DEVELOPING COUNTRY
• Dharavi is located in Mumbai in India.
India’s and Mumbai's biggest slum is
known as Dharavi. With an area of just
over 2.1 square kilometres
(0.81 sq mi) and a population density of
over 277,136/km2 (717,780/sq mi),
Dharavi is also one of the most densely
populated areas on Earth.

• Dharavi was once an isolated

settlement on the outskirts of Mumbai.
At the edge of Dharavi the newest
arrivals come to make their homes on
waste land next to water pipes in slum
areas. They set up home illegally
amongst waste on land that is not
suitable for habitation.
A majority of the residents of Dharavi belong to the dalit caste
especially the Adidravidars of the Tamil people, they had also
built a Ganesh Temple and "Adidravidar mahajana Sangham"
which own the piece of land and the areas adjoining the temple.
Other castes and tribes are also present. Minorities include
Christians, Muslims and Buddhists.

ECONOMY
In addition to the traditional pottery and textile industries in Dharavi, there is an increasingly
large recycling industry, processing recyclable waste from other parts of Mumbai. Recycling
in Dharavi is reported to employ approximately 250,000 people. While recycling is a major
industry in the neighborhood, it is also reported to be a source of heavy pollution in the area.
The district has an estimated 5000 businesses and 15,000 single-room factories. Two major
suburban railways feed into Dharavi, making it an important commuting station for people in
the area going to and from work.

POTTERY OIL RECYCLING PLASTIC RECYCLING

• In the slum people have to live with many problems. People have to go to the toilet
in the street and there are open sewers.
• Children play amongst sewage waste and doctors deal with 4,000 cases a day of
diphtheria and typhoid. Next to the open sewers are water pipes, which can crack
and take in sewage. Dharavi slum is based around this water pipe built on an old
rubbish tip.
• The people have not planned this settlement and have no legal rights to the land.
• There are also toxic wastes in the slum including hugely dangerous heavy metals.
• People live in very small dwellings (e.g. 12X12ft), often with many members of
their extended families.
• Water is a big problem for Mumbai's population; standpipes come on at 5:30am
for 2 hours as water is rationed.
 Dharavi has experienced a long history of epidemics and natural
disasters, sometimes with significant loss of lives. The first plague to
devastate Dharavi, along with other settlements of Mumbai
happened in 1896, when nearly half of the population perished.
 Dysentery epidemics have been common throughout the years and
explained by the high population density of Dharavi.
 Other epidemics reported include typhoid, cholera, leprosy, jaundice
and polio, through recent years. In 1986, a children cholera epidemic
was reported, where most patients were residents of Dharavi. Typical
patients to arrive in hospitals were in late and critical care condition,
and the mortality rates were abnormally high.
 Fires and other disasters are common. In January 2013, a fire
destroyed many slum properties and caused injuries.
 In 2005, massive floods caused deaths and extensive property
damage.
• The Dharavi slums face a lot of problems like noise, water and air pollution, it also has no
sewage or drainage systems. Everyday the potters brick kilns send huge black clouds into
the air which pollutes the air and makes the cloud black and Sion hospital complains about
the heavy black smoke that's making their patients case worse.
• Children play amongst sewage waste and doctors deal with 4,000 cases a day of diphtheria
and typhoid.
• Dharavi slum is based around this water pipe built on an old rubbish tip. The people have not
planned this settlement and have no legal rights to the land. There are also toxic wastes in the
slum including hugely dangerous heavy metals.
• Dharavi is made up of 12 different neighborhoods and there are no maps or road signs. Those
problems exist because those people aren't living on their own property and because it is a
poor piece of land, so the government is trying to kick them out so that they can start a new
project, this cause many problems and issues to the people such as poverty and hunger.
 Slum Rehabilitation Authority declared Dharavi as the most difficult area and
provided higher incentive of 1:1.333.
 Inspite of higher incentive, only 15% of Dharavi is developed in 12 years.
 Local developers built extremely poor quality housing

STRATEGY
 Formulate sustainable master plan.
 Rehabilitate all the slum families
and business in dharavi itself.
 Rehabilitate all non polluting
industries.
 Integration of slum dwellers with
main stream residents of Mumbai
through hikes.
 There have been many plans since 1997 to redevelop Dharavi like the former slums
of Hong Kong such as Tai Hang.
 In 2004, the cost of redevelopment was estimated to be Rs 5000 crore.
 Companies from around the world have bid to redevelop Dharavi, including
Lehman Brothers, Dubai’s Limitless and Singapore’s CapitalandLtd.
 In 2010, it is estimated to cost Rs 15,000 core to redevelop.
 The latest urban redevelopment plan proposed for the Dharavi area is managed by
American-trained architect Mukesh Mehta.
 The plan involves the construction of 30,000,000 square feet (2,800,000 m2) of
housing, schools, parks and roads to serve the 57,000 families residing in the area,
along with 40,000,000 square feet (3,700,000 m2) of residential and commercial
space for sale.
 Concerns have also been raised by residents who fear that some of their small
businesses in the "informal" sector may not be relocated under the redevelopment
plan. The government has said that it will only legalize and relocate industries that
are not "polluting.“