VERNACULAR ARCHIECTURE

OF
SHARARIYA TRIBE
LOCATION AND CLIMATE

LOCATION CLIMAT
Paharghar village of Morena district of Madhya
Pradesh. EThe area has composite
It is located on the north western part of the state climate
As per 2011 census 55% of the population in the hot dry summer (April–
district belongs to Sahariya tribe June), followed by
monsoon rains (July–
September) and a cool
and relatively dry winter.
The average rainfall is
about 1,194 mm
SAHARIYA TRIBE
There is a greater unity of expression
Saharia word is derived from Persian
between its architecture and
word sahra, which means jungle.
other areas of expression. It reflects in
Saharias are called so because they live
the way they dress, the way they built
in jungle, dependent on forest for their
their houses and beautify them and
livelihood. The tribe took their name
even greater in the objects of their daily
from their habit of carrying axe in their
use. The fairs and festivals are an indispensable
hands. They belong to the cultural zone
part of their life
of Bundelkhand. They are found in
Guna, Gwalior, Shivpuri, Bhind, Morena,
Vidisha, Raisen districts of Madhya
Pradesh. Saharia tribe lives in a closely
knitted community among themselves
but in isolation from the village and The unique forms of animistic ritual (Source: http://bravefestival
other tribes.
As the tribal culture has a long
standing stability in terms of its own
identity.

Tribal dance of Saharia tribe (Source: Shikha Patidar ).

The ‘Tapra’
Has a rectangular plan

The entry for the dwelling is through a semi open space

It has a open front space for formal gatherings or working
Semi enclosed space like courtyard for washing, bathing and
other household works
The enclosed spaces are used for sleeping, cooking and living.

Either in front of the house or along the side of the a separate

structure with wooden post and flat thatch is constructed for
the cattle.
Within the rectangular plan partition walls are erected to separate
living from cooking space
House has an enclosure for protection

The space for bathing is provided in one corner of the

courtyard
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
Pitched roof is a common form of roof

The eaves of the roofs are projected along with the length of the
house.

For supporting roof of semi open spaces timber columns are

used.
The roofing is done with earthen tiles supported by timber
framework.
This projection protects the erosion of mud wall during rains and
also provides sunshade.
The timber used is crude and undressed the straws or bamboo
strips are used to provide the support to earthen tiles. This make
the roof perforated and allows
ventilation.
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
Load bearing walls with shallow foundation made of random rubble masonry because hard lower strata

WALL MATERIALS
In order to prevent clay
surfaces from cracking and crumbling
a fresh coat of clay and cow dung is
applied
from time to time.

Stone
compact earth poles and twigs
masonry in
rendered with cow with mud plaster
mud mortar
dung

Cow dung and mud is

applied for finishing and
surfacing of flooring and
walls
Dwellings
The cooking space in the dwelling
The informal sitting space in front of the dwelling

The timber truss with the supporting wooden members

The bathing space in the dwelling

The construction of stone wall with mud plaster
Animal shed
SETTLEMENT
The houses are oriented towards east, north and west forming a
circular pattern.

The entrance to the settlement is from the south.

The front facade of all the houses are towards the center.

There is a place of worship in the center of the settlement

and adjacent to it is a community
space called Choupal

The buildings are oriented to minimize the solar gain during

summers ensuring adequate
daylight and protection from rains.

The spatial configuration allows thermal comfort and

sufficient privacy and interactive spaces amongst the habitat
CONCLUSION
The tribal populations in the geographically remote
areas are still following the indigenous vernacular style for their
settlements and habitat.
These habitats provide them the needed thermal and visual
comforts at reduced level of resource
consumption.
The tribal settlements and habitat demonstrate an economical use of native
natural building
resources, and respond to climatic conditions using eco friendly design
principles that provide
human comfort.
These design principles are consistent with the form, orientation and materials
of the buildings.
Their combination of social, functional and environmental reveals life full
with color, flavor fervor which, instead of imposing on the nature it emanates
from it.
THANK YOU