pīnyīn1

拼音1
Lai Kangsheng
本课重点Focus on

• 声母-initials（b p m f d t n l g k h）

• 韵母-finals（a o e i u ü ai ei ao ou an en ang eng ong)

• 声调-tones（四个声调，轻声）
Hànyǔ pīnyīn de zǔchéng
汉语 拼音 的 组成（components of Chinese phonetics）

shēngdiào
声调
tones

ˇ
m mǎ a
shēngmǔ yùnmǔ
声母 韵母
initials finals

汉语拼音是由声母、韵母、声调三部分组成的
Chinese phonetics contains three parts which are initials, finals and tones.
声母Initials

b p m f
d t n l
g k h j
q x z c
s zh ch sh
r y w
声母(b p m f)的发音规则pronunciation rules of （ b, p,）

b [p] When you pronounce “b” , first close your lips tightly, and then open
them suddenly, there will be a weak airflow going out through lips and
then become the sound of b without oscillating your throat.

p [p‘] When you pronounce“p” , first close your lips tightly to gain air,
and then open them suddenly, there will be a strong airflow going out
through lips and then become the sound of p without oscillating your
throat.
声母(b p m f)的发音规则pronunciation rules of （ m, f ）

m [m] Close your lips tightly and open the nasal path by hanging down the
soft palate.??Make your vocal cords vibrate and the breath go out from
your nose.

f [f] Use the upper teeth touch the lower lip slightly and the breath will be
squeezed out from the seam between the teeth and the lip.
声母(d t )的发音规则pronounciation rules of （ d t）

d [t] Put the tip of your tongue against the upper gum, pronounce with
weaker breath breaking through the obstruction.

t [t‘] The pronunciation method is more or less the same with "d", with
stronger breath going out.
声母( n l)的发音规则 pronounciation rules of （ n l）

n [n] (Put the tip of your tongue against the upper gum,?open the nasal
path by hanging down the soft palate.??Make your vocal cords vibrate and
the breath go out from your nose. )

l [l] (Put the tip of your tongue against the upper gum,?make your vocal
cords vibrate and the breath go out from both sides of front part of your
tongue. )
声母(g k)的发音规则 pronounciation rules of (g k h)

g [k] Put the root of your town against the soft palate, pronounce with
weaker breath breaking through the obstruction.

k [k‘] The pronunciation method is more or less the same with "g", with
stronger breath going out .

h[x] Approach the soft palate with the root of your

tongue,?with a narrow chink left;?pronounce with the
breath squeeze out of the chink.
韵母Finals

a o e i u ü ai ei ui

ao ou iu ie üe er an en in

un ün ia ua uo ang eng ing ong

iao ian uan ian uang

g
韵母(a o e)的发音规则 pronounciation rules of (a o e)

a [A] Open your mouth wide,?with your tongue in the middle in

a low position;?the lips are naturally opened.
o [o] Half-close your mouth with the tongue in a half-high
position; draw back your tongue and make your lips round-
shaped.
e [ ] After pronouncing "o",?naturally open up your mouth and
keep the tongue's position unchanged.
韵母(i u ü)的发音规则 pronounciation rules of( i u ü)

i [i] When pronoucing "i", the tongue is in the highest

position, the mouth is slightly opened and the lips are flat-
shaped. Stretch forward your tongue, put it against the
back of the lower teeth and open up your lips.
u[u] When pronoucing "u", the tongue is in the highest position
and the mouth is slightly opened. Make your lips round-
shaped, draw back your tongue and make the tongue root
approach the soft palate.
ü[y] After pronoucing "i", just make your lips round-shaped to
pronounce "ü", with the tongue position unchanged.
复韵母(ai ei ao ou)的发音规则 pronounciation rules of (ai ei ao ou )

ai Open your mouth wide and pronounce "a" first;?then

gradually close your mouth and move the tongue to the
position of pronouncing "i".
ei Half-close your mouth and pronounce "e" first,?then move
your tongue to the position of pronouncing "i"
ao Open your mouth widely and pronounce "a" first,?then
gradually close your mouth and move your tongue to the
position of pronouncing "u".
ou Pronounce "o" first,?then gradually close your mouth,
move the tongue backward and upward to the position of
pronouncing "u".
复韵母(an en ie iou)的发音规则 pronounciation rules of (an en ie iou )

an Pronounce "a" first and gradually turn to "n".

en Pronounce "e" first and gradually turn to "n"

ie Pronounce "i" first,?then gradually raise your tongue to the

position of pronouncing "e".

iouPronounce a shorter "i" first,?then gradually raise your

tongue to the position of pronouncing "ou".
声调 tones

The first the second the third the forth

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 4 4 6 4 4 6 4 4 6 4 4
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

a o e i u

Chinese is a tone language. It has four basic tones.

The tones are used to distinguish meanings of a syllable.
Different tones have different meanings.

mā má mǎ mà
妈 麻 马 骂 骂
mother flax horse abuse

tānɡ tánɡ tǎnɡ tànɡ

汤 糖 躺 烫
soup sugar lying down very hot
Shēngmǔ
声母（initials）

b p m f
d t n l
g k h
j q x
z c s
zh ch sh r
Phonetic drills

Write the initials you hear to the line

___ ___ ___

___ ___ ___
p f t h n l
 韵母（finals）

a o e i u ü ai ei ui

ao ou iu ie üe er an en in

un ün ia ua uo ang eng ing ong

iao ian uan iang uang

Phonetic drills

Write the finals you hear to the line

___ ___ ___ ___
___ ___ ___ ___
Phonetic drills

i o a ü ai ui
声韵拼读（spelling and reading）

a o e i u ü
b ba bo bi bu
p pa po pi pu
m ma mo me mi mu
f fa fo fu
d da de di du
t ta te ti tu
n na ne ni nu nü
l la le li lu lü
g ga ge gu
k ka ke ku
h ha he hu
声韵拼读spelling and reading
ai ei ao ou an en ang eng ong
b bai bei bao ban ben bang beng
p pai pei pao pou pan pen pang peng
m mai mei mao mou man men mang meng
f fei fou fan fen fang feng
d dai dei dao dou dan dang deng dong
t tai tao tou tan tang teng tong
n nai nei nao nan nen nang neng nong
l lai lei lao lou lan lang leng long
g gai gei gao gou gan gen gang geng gong
k kai kao kou kan ken kang keng kong
h hai hei hao hou han hen hang heng hong
Phonetic drills

Choose a syllable according to what you hear

1、ba ma 2、 kao tao

3、hai hei 4、 nan lai
5、 gou kan 6、 mang neng

7、fàn fán 8、 lěng lèng

9、hèn hěn 10、 kōng kòng
11、lǚ lǜ 12、 tōu tóu
 Phonetic drills

1 ba 2 tao 3 hei 4 lai

5 gou 6 neng 7fàn 8 lěng

9 hěn 10 kōng 11 lǜ 12 tóu

Phonetic drills

Choose the syllables you hear

1 bùgào bùgāo

2 dàrén dǎrén

3 huíyì huìyì

4 hén hǎo hén lǎo

5 niúnǎi yóulǎn
Phonetic drills

1 bùgào 2 dàrén

3 huìyì 4 hén lǎo

5 niúnǎi
communication

N# h3o
你好！

N#h3o
你好！
试一试Try it

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