EDU555 CURRICULUM AND INSTRUCTION

WEEK 1

Fakulti Pendidikan
Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam
 Welcome to EDU555 Curriculum and
Instruction
• In this course, you will learn about:

 What is curriculum
 Curriculum development
 Curriculum in Malaysian schools
 Course design
 What is instruction
 Teaching and learning
 Microteaching
 Curriculum
• Curriculum is commonly defined as “a plan of study”

• For example:
KSSR or Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah is a plan of study
for Malaysian Primary school for a period of 6 years.

KBSM or Kurikulum Bersepadu Sekolah Menengah is a plan of

study for Malaysian Secondary school for a period of 5 years

The BEd TESL Curriculum is a plan of study for a period of 4

years in order to obtain the BEd TESL degree.
 Definition of Curriculum
• Ministry of Education, Malaysia according to Akta
Pendidikan 1996

“ Satu program pendidikan yang termasuk kurikulum

dan kegiatan ko-kurikulum yang merangkumi semua
pengetahuan, kemahiran, norma, nilai, unsur
kebudayaan, dan kepercayaan untuk membantu
perkembangan seseorang murid dengan sepenuhnya
dari segi rohani, jasmani, mental dan emosi serta
untuk menyampaikan pengetahuan.”
 Curriculum in Malaysian Schools
• A plan of study
CURRICULUM • Documented
• Academic in nature

• Activities outside the classroom to support the curriculum

• Compulsory
CO-CURRICULUM • Sports & games, uniform bodies, and association
• Personal/individual development

EXTRA-CURRICULA
• Activities outside the classroom
ACTIVITIES / EXTRA • Not compulsory
CURRICULUM

• Moral Values
HIDDEN • Informal learning inside and outside the classroom
CURRICULUM • Unwritten / implicit
 Moral Values

Kindness Self-reliance Integrity Respect Love

Mental &
Justice Freedom Courage Physical Honesty
Cleanliness

Diligence Cooperation Moderation Gratitude Rationality

Public
Patriotism
Spiritedness
 Aspect Taught Across the
Curriculum
Drugs
Family Health Moral Values
Prevention Bahasa Melayu
Education Education
Education

Integration of Critical and

Science and Environmental
Science Creative
Technology Studies
Elements Thinking Skills

Parental Road Safety Consumerism

Futures Studies
Education Education Education

Study Skills ICT

 Curriculum and Instruction
• The word curriculum is often associated with
instruction, where:

• Curriculum refers to the plan or document.

• Instruction refers to the methods of

presenting or implementing the curriculum
content or plan.
 Instruction
• Instruction thus, is the process of implementing the
curriculum through the process of teaching and
learning by using various approaches, methods and
techniques.

• According to Saylor (1981), instruction is the actual

engagements of learners with planned learning.

• As such, curriculum is often associated with

instruction or teaching and learning.
 Definition of Curriculum
• Curriculum has been defined differently by
different people according to the purposes
and functions.

• The following are some definitions of

curriculum:
 Definition of Curriculum
• “ a course of study” – Dressel

• “ a plan of learning” – Taba, 1962

• “ a plan for providing sets of learning opportunities

for persons to be educated” – J. Galen Saylor et al,
1981

• “An organized set of formal education and/or training

intentions”- David Pratt
 Definition of Curriculum
• Jon Wiles and Joseph Bondi view
curriculum as a four-step plan involving
“purposes…design…implementation…
assessment.”

• “ a total instructional program composed of

syllabus or individual course programs -
Bowen
 Definition of Curriculum
• A general over-all plan of the content or
specific materials of instruction that the
school should offer the student by way of
qualifying him for graduation or certification
for entrance into a professional or vocational
field - Good
 Definition of Curriculum
• Based on the various definitions given, a
curriculum consists of:

 A plan which is documented

 Consisting of a set of objectives
 A list of contents and learning experiences
 Suggested method of teaching or instruction
 A process of evaluation or assessment methods
 Original Definition of Curriculum
• The word “Curriculum” originates from the
Latin word “currere” which means “a race
course”

• As such, the most common definition of

curriculum is “ a course of study” or “a plan of
study”
For the purpose of instruction, curriculum can be further sub-divided as follows:

CURRICULUM A plan of study consisting of one or more course(s) or

subject(s)

SYLLABUS A plan for a particular course or subject

SCHEME
OF A detailed outline of the syllabus, divided into weeks,
WORK sessions, or hours etc.

LESSON
PLAN A plan for a particular lesson or instruction
 Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian Schools

Plan of studies (KSSR, KBSM)

CURRICULUM Based on National Education Philosophy (NEP)
Developed by Curriculum Development Division (CDD)

Documented for the various subjects

SYLLABUS Supported with Huraian Sukatan Pelajaran (HSP)
Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for
teaching and learning

SCHEME
OF Planned according to school year and organized by
WORK weeks

LESSON Planned by teachers for each lesson by referring to the

PLAN Scheme of Work
 Curriculum and Instruction in Malaysian IHL

Planned by the respective institution

CURRICULUM
Based on the Philosophy, Vision and Mission

Documented for the various subjects or course

SYLLABUS Consisting of Topics and Sub-topics and details for
teaching and learning

SCHEME
Planned according to semester and organized by weeks
OF
14 weeks for each semester
WORK

LESSON Planned by lecturers for each lesson by referring to the

PLAN Scheme of Work
EDUCATION SYSTEM IN MALAYSIAN SCHOOLS
MINISTRY Centralized, top-down system
OF EDUCATION Standardized curriculum prepared by CDD

PENGARAH PENDIDIKAN NEGERI

JPN Primary School
Secondary School

PEGAWAI PENDIDIKAN DAERAH

PPD Primary School
Secondary School

SCHOOL PENGETUA, GURU BESAR, GURU PENOLONG

KANAN, KETUA PANITIA
 Important Departments at MoE
• BPG – Bahagian Pendidikan Guru or Teacher Education Division. Responsible for the training
of school teachers.

• BSS – Bahagian Sekolah-sekolah or Schools Division. Responsible for the placement of

teachers in schools and related services.

• LPM – Lembaga Peperiksaan Malaysia or Malaysian Examination Syndicate. Responsible for

centralized examination.

• UTP – Unit Teknologi Pendidikan or Educational Technology Division. Resource center for
educational technology services.

• BBT – Biro Buku Teks or Textbook Bureau. Responsible for School Textbooks. (SPBT – Skim
Pinjaman Buku Teks)

• BPPDP – Bahagian Perancangan dan Penyelidikan Dasar Pendidikan or Educational Planning

and Research Division (EPRD)
THANK YOU