4 th EXPERIMENT

THE MAKING OF SOAP

Sovranita Ramadhani S. P. I 16030194040

Maratus Sholihah I 16030194041
Abdul Aziz Tamami I 16030194047

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

A Experiment Purpose
Student can :
1 to explain how to make the soap.
2 to know characteristic of soap emulsion.
3 to know the acid number of soap.
4 to know the saponification number of soap
5 to differentiate between saturated fats and
unsaturated fats.

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

 B Tools and Materials
1 Tools:
NO TOOLS AMOUNT NO TOOLS AMOUNT
1 Beaker glass 100 mL 2 pieces 13 Container of soap 9 pieces
2 Beaker glass 250 mL 1 piece 14 Ohauss balance 1 piece
3 Test Tube 2 pieces 15 Spatula 1 piece
4 Measurement glass 10 mL 1 piece 16 Tripod 1 piece
5 Measurement glass 100 mL 1 piece 17 Thermometer 1 piece
6 Erlenmeyer flask 3 pieces 18 Boiling stone 3 pieces
7 Burette 1 piece 19 Stopwatch 1 piece
8 Reflux 1 piece Until
20 Plastic pipe
9 Stative & clamps 1 set enough

10 Hot plate 1 piece

11 Bunsen burner 1 piece
12 Pipette 10 pieces
UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”
B Tools and Materials
2 Materials:
NO MATERIALS AMOUNT
1 Coconut oil 22 mL
2 Palm oil 22 mL
3 Bulk oil 22 mL
4 KOH 0,1 N Until enough
5 NaOH Until enough
6 Olive oil 3 mL
7 NaOH solid 1,4 grams
8 Aquadest Until enough
9 HCl 0,5 N Until enough

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

C Flow Chart
1 The Making of Soap
Objective : to explain how to make the soap.
a 1,4 g NaOH 1 g Stearic Acid

- Dissolved in 3,3 mL water - Put in 10 gr palm oil

- Heated until 70 oC until
- Let it cooling down
melted
- Let it cooling down until
50oC
- mixed and stirred well
- added 12 g ethanol and 4 g glycerine
- heated and stirred until colorless
- cooling in room temperature
- added 1 mL of olive oil
- poured in mould before haerdens

Soap

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

C Flow Chart
1 The Making of Soap
Objective : to explain how to make the soap.
b 1,4 g NaOH 1 g Stearic Acid

- Dissolved in 3,3 mL water - Put in 10 gr coconut oil

- Heated until 70 oC until
- Let it cooling down
melted
- Let it cooling down until
50oC
- mixed and stirred well
- added 12 g ethanol and 4 g glycerine
- heated and stirred until colorless
- cooling in room temperature
- added 1 mL of olive oil
- poured in mould before haerdens

Soap

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

C Flow Chart
1 The Making of Soap
Objective : to explain how to make the soap.
c 1,4 g NaOH 1 g Stearic Acid

- Dissolved in 3,3 mL water - Put in 10 gr bulk oil

- Heated until 70 oC until
- Let it cooling down
melted
- Let it cooling down until
50oC
- mixed and stirred well
- added 12 g ethanol and 4 g glycerine
- heated and stirred until colorless
- cooling in room temperature
- added 1 mL of olive oil
- poured in mould before haerdens

Soap

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

 C Flow Chart
2 Soap Emulsion Characteristics
Objective : to know characteristic of soap emulsion.

0,1- 0,2 gram bar soap

- entered into beaker glass
- dissolved in 6-8 mL hot water

Soap Emulsion 3 ml of aquades + 5 drops oil

-added in test tube 1 -added in test tube 2

-added 2 ml soap solution -shakid strongly to get
-shake strongly to get emulsion
emulsion -let and observed it
-let and observed it -noted the time
-noted the time
Time Time
UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”
C Flow Chart
3 Acid Number
Objective : to know the acid number of soap.
Palm/coconut/bulk oil KOH 0,1 N
- entered into erlenmeyer flask - put in burette
- weighed 5-10 grams
- added 25 ml of ethanol
- added 5 drops pp indicator

- Titrate it

acid number
- Counted it

acid number

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

C Flow Chart
4 Saponificaton Number
Objective : to know the saponification number of soap

Palm/coconut/bulk oil
- weighted 1,5 – 2 grams in Erlenmeyer flask
- added 25 mL KOH solution 0,5 N
- refluxed for 30 minutes
- cooling in room temperature
Excess of KOH
- titrated it with standard solution HCl 0,5 N
- add PP indicator

Result

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

C Flow Chart
5 Saturated/Unsaturated Fats Test
Objective : to differentiate between saturated fats and
unsaturated fats.

0,5 mL Iodine
- Entered into test tube
- Added drop by drops of oil sample until the
until the color of iodine disappear
- Calculated the drops of oil sample
Result

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”

 THANK YOU

UNESA l “International Chemistry Education ’16”