Round Table Conferences

Labour party came into power in England

and Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald
was inclined towards the Congress.
In June,1929. Mr. Jinnah wrote a letter to
Prime Minister and demanded a meeting
of notable representatives of India to
resolve the constitutional Problems.
Congress started disobedience movement
for implementation of Nehru report.
Government arrested a number of
Congress leaders including Mr. Gandhi by
declaring Congress working Committee as
illegal.
Viceroy Lord Irwin announced the plan of
Round table Conference.
Total of 89 members, 58 from various
communities and rest were from the
Princely states and Political parties of
England.
Congress boycotted due to refusal of
Dominion status to India from Britian.
Muslim Delegates were included of Sir
Agha Khan,Muhammad Ali
Jinnah,Moulana Muhammad Ali Jouhar,Sir
Muhammad Shafi, Sir Zaffarullah Khan.
Mr. Taj Bahadur Sapra,Dr. Moonjee and
Mr. Jaiker were invited from Congress side
but they did not attend the Session.
Conference held in three session and
started on November 12, 1930,
inaugurated by the King George.
It was agreed upon the federal system will
be introduced in India.
Eight sub-Committees were formed to deal
with Federal structure, Provincial
Constitution,Franchise,Sindh,NWFP,Defen
ce services and Minorities.
 Session closed on January 19,1931.
 Prime Minister announced as follows:-
1. India would be given the status of a
loose federation, under the British
government
2. The federation will be comprised of
British India and Indian Princely States.
The federating unit will be given the
autonomy.
3. The full representative government
responsible to Provincial and central
legislature would be established.
4. All the Ministries except Defence, Interior
and Foreign affires will be given to local
ministers.
The British decided to negotiate with
Gandhi, so he was released and met to
viceroy Lord Irwin.
A pact was signed between Gandhi and
Irwin on March 5, 1931 called Gandhi-
Irwin Pact.
Civil dis-obedience movement was ended
with communal riots in Kanpur,UP,where
as one thousand Muslims were killed.
Second Round Table Conference
Second round table Conference held in
September 1931 to January 1932 in
London.
Congress attended this Conference.
Iqbal,Sir Agha Khan, Jinnah were
representatives of Muslims.
Gandhi was alone to represent the
Congress and claimed to be a sole
spokesman of Indians and was not ready
to accommodate the other minorities of
India.
Delegates did not reach on any agreement
and conference ended when refused to
recognize the scheduled castes as a
community separate from the Hindus.
British Government declared Communal
Award in 1932 in which Separate
electorates were ensured.
Muslims rights were protected in this
Award but still Muslims expectations were
not fulfilled
Third Round Table Conference.
Ch.Rehmat Ali distributed “Now or Never”
in which he called for a federal state for
Muslims named Pakistan.
Conference began in November 1932 and
ended in December 1932.
Congress was absent .
Labour party also Oppose this
Conference.
No results of this Conference and ended
on a good will gesture.