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  • Etiologi, Gejala, Patofis Demensia

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    The document discusses the etiology and clinical symptoms of dementia. It categorizes the causes of dementia as either neurodegenerative - such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, vascular dementia, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration - or non-neurodegenerative - including vitamin deficiencies, hypothyroidism, normal pressure hydrocephalus, chronic alcohol abuse, cognitive impairment related to chemotherapy, infections, intracranial masses, traumatic brain injuries, and psychiatric illnesses. The clinical signs of dementia include memory impairment, disorientation, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, psychotic symptoms, and personality changes.

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    The document discusses the etiology and clinical symptoms of dementia. It categorizes the causes of dementia as either neurodegenerative - such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, vascular dementia, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration - or non-neurodegenerative - including vitamin deficiencies, hypothyroidism, normal pressure hydrocephalus, chronic alcohol abuse, cognitive impairment related to chemotherapy, infections, intracranial masses, traumatic brain injuries, and psychiatric illnesses. The clinical signs of dementia include memory impairment, disorientation, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, psychotic symptoms, and personality changes.

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    14 views5 pages

    Etiologi, Gejala, Patofis Demensia

    Uploaded by

    lkmm
    The document discusses the etiology and clinical symptoms of dementia. It categorizes the causes of dementia as either neurodegenerative - such as Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, vascular dementia, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration - or non-neurodegenerative - including vitamin deficiencies, hypothyroidism, normal pressure hydrocephalus, chronic alcohol abuse, cognitive impairment related to chemotherapy, infections, intracranial masses, traumatic brain injuries, and psychiatric illnesses. The clinical signs of dementia include memory impairment, disorientation, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, psychotic symptoms, and personality changes.

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    of 5

    Etiologi Demensia

    Neurodegenerative Non-neurodegenerative

    • Alzheimer disease • Defisiensi vitamin


    • Dementia with Lewy bodies • Hipotiroidisme
    • Vascular dementia • Hidrosefalus tekanan normal
    • Frontotemporal lobar • Penyalahgunaan alkohol kronis
    degeneration • Disfungsi kognitif terkait
    • Parkinson disease kemoterapi
    • Infeksi
    • Massa intrakranial
    • Cedera otak traumatis
    • Psychiatric illness

    Gale, S. A., Acar, D., & Daffner, K. R. (2018). Dementia. The American Journal of Medicine, Vol 131, No 10,
    October, 1161-1169.
    Gejala Klinis
    • Gangguan Memori
    • Orientasi
    • Afasia
    • Apraksia
    • Agnosia
    • Gejala psikotik
    • Perubahan kepribadian
    Gale, S. A., Acar, D., & Daffner, K. R. (2018). Dementia. The American Journal of Medicine, Vol 131, No 10,
    October, 1161-1169.
    Patogenesis AD
    Possible mechanisms Vascular Dementia
    Vascular risk factors
    Hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia,
    diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis,
    hyperhomocystemia, ApoE 4 Vessel wall pathology

    Hypoperfusion
    Ischaemia

    White matter lesions Alzheimer’s disease


    Stroke
    Host factors
    Age
    Education
    Genetic factors
    Cognitive impairment Premorbid brain size
    Dementia

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