Objectives:

To define equation and inequality;

To determine the solution of the
equation and inequality;
To simplify the equation and
inequality;
To be attentive in class discussion.
Like Terms
Terms with exactly the same
variable that have same
exponent.
Terms with the same literal
coefficient.
 Combining Like Terms
Remember only like terms may
be combined.
Like terms may be combined by
adding or subtracting the
numerical coefficients of the
terms and keeping/copying the
common literal coefficient.
5
 An Equation is a complete sentence that is
either true or false.
Shows that each side has the same value
examples:
x + 7 = - 14 y – 6 = - 13
-21 + 7 = - 14 - 7 – 6 = - 13
- 14 = - 14 - 13 = - 13

6
Determine if the following are
expressions or equations:
1) 7x
2) (6-3) – 1 = 2
3) 14 = 7(2)
4) X + 9 = 13
5) 12 – 5

7
Determine if the following are
expressions or equations:
1) 7x 1) expression
2) (6-3) – 1 = 2 2) equation
3) 14 = 7(2) 3) equation
4) X + 9 = 13 4) equation
5) 12y – 5 5) expression

How could you tell the difference between the two?

8
 An equation is formed when an equal sign (=) is
Equation
placed between two expressions creating a left
and a right side of the equation
 An equation that contains one or more variables
is called an open sentence
 When a variable in a single-variable equation is
replaced by a number the resulting statement
can be true or false
 If the statement is true, the number is a
solution of an equation.
 Property of Equality:
1. Closure Property
2. Reflexive Property
3. Symmetric Property
4. Transitive Property
5. Distribution Property
6. Addition Property of Equality
7. Multiplication Property of Equality
Checking of Seatwork...
 Solving Equations Using APE
x  6  1 3
x  6  2
x  6  6  2  6

x  8
 6 y  1  7 y  17  2
y  1  19
y  1  1  19  1
y  20
 13x  43x 1
13x  12x  4
13x 12x  12x 12x  4
x  4
Your Turn – TRUE or FALSE
 Check whether the given number
is a solution to the equation
1. 3b + 1 = 13 b=4
2. 6d – 5 = 20 d=5
3. 2y2 + 3 = 5 y=1
4. p2 – 5 = 20 p=6
5. m + 4m = 60 – 2m m = 10
Your Turn – Word Problem
6. You are playing a new computer game.
For every eight screens you complete, you
receive a bonus. You want to know how
many bonuses you will receive after
completing 96 screens. You write the
equation 8x = 96 to model the situation.
a. What do 8, x and 96 represent?
b. Solve the equation
c. Check your solution
Answers:
Answer
1. True 6. a. 8 = # of screens for bonus,
2. False x = bonus,
3. True 96 = number of screens
played
4. False b. x = 12
5. False c. 8(12) = 96
96 = 96
True
Recall:
Linear Equation in One Variable p 86
A linear equation in one variable
can be written in the form:
Ax + B = C
where A, B, and C are real
numbers, and A ≠ 0.
About Equation:
A solution of an equation is a
number that makes the equation true
when it replaces the variable.
An equation is solved by finding its
solution set, the set of all solutions.
Equations with exactly the same
solution sets are equivalent
equations.
A linear equation in x is solved
by using a series of steps to
produce a simpler equivalent
equation of the form:
x = a number
or
a number = x
 Properties of Equality:
1. Closure Property
2. Reflexive Property
3. Symmetric Property
4. Transitive Property
5. Distributive Property
6. Addition Property of Equality
7. Multiplication Property of Equality
Addition Property of Equality p 87
 If A, B, and C represent real numbers,
then the equations:
A = B and A + C = B + C
are equivalent equations.
That is, we can add the same number to
each side of an equation without
changing the solution.
Examples: Checking of Seatwork
In your NOTEBOOK:
Answer the following on your
textbook: (Show your solution)
Page 91-92: Numbers: 58-60 ;
66 - 68; 75 - 78
For numbers 75-78: Write an
equation using the information
given in the problem. Use x as
the variable. Then solve the
equation.
75. Three times a number is 17 more than twice
the number. Find the number.
76. One added to three times a number is three
less than four times the number. Find the
number.
77. If six times a number is subtracted from
seven times the number, the result is -9. Find the
number.
78. If five times a number is added to three times
the number, the result is the sum of seven times
the number and 9. Find the number.
Multiplication Property of Equality p92
If A, B, and C represent real numbers,
then the equations:
A = B and AC = BC
are equivalent equations.
That is, we can multiply each side of
an equation by the same nonzero
number without changing the
solution.
Solving Equations using MPE

10  2m  4m
10  2m
10  2m

2 2
5  m
Solving Equations using MPE
a
8 6 
3
a
2
3
3 2  3
a
3

6  a
Solving Equations using MPE

 4  10  4 y  5 y
14   y
 14  y

1 1
14  y
Solving Equations using MPE

5 y  2  17
5 y  2  2  17  2
5 y  15
5 y 15

5 5
y 3
 4x  2  60  2 10
 4x  8  60  8
 4x  68  8
 4x  68  68  8  68
 4 x  60
 4 x 60

4 4
x  15
Checking of Assignment
In your NOTEBOOK:
Answer the following on your
textbook: (Show your solution)
Page 97: Numbers: 66 – 70; 73-76;
81-82
Write it in your notebook.
Do this: Solve each equation and check:
Checking of Assignment:
Examples:
65. Two numbers have a sum of 11. One of the numbers
is q. What expression represents the other number?
11 – q
66. Two numbers have a sum of 34. One of the numbers
is r. What expression represents the other number?
34 - r
67. The product of two numbers is 9. One of the
numbers is x. What expression represents the other
number?
9/x
68. The product of two numbers is -6 . One of the
numbers is m. What expression represents the other
number?
-6/m
69. A football player gained x yards rushing. On the next
down, he gained 9 yd. What expression represents the
number of yards he gained altogether?
x+9
73. Monica is x years old. What expression represents her
age 15 yr from now? 5 yr ago?
X + 15
X-5
Write the answer to each problem in
terms of the variable.
74. James is y years old. What expression
represents his age (a) 4 yr ago? (b) 11 yr from
now?
79. A plane ticket costs x dollars for an adult
and y dollars for a child. Find an expression
that represents the total cost for 3 adults and
2 children.
Solve and check the solution:
Time is Up
 75. Cliff has r quarters. Express the value of the quarters in
cents.
 76. Claire has y dimes. Express the value of the dimes in
cents.
 77. A bank teller has t dollars, all in $5 bills. What
expression represents the number of $5 bills the teller has?
 78. A clerk has v dollars, all in $10 bills. What expression
represents the number of $10 bills the clerk has?
 80. A concert ticket costs p dollars for an adult and q
dollars for a child. Find an expression that represents the
total cost for 4 adults and 6 children.
Mixed Review
for Quiz
 Each student needs a sheet of paper
Directions:
The following questions are similar to the types of
questions that you will see on tomorrow’s quiz.
Every student needs to answer or attempt to answer each
question.
If you find that you get several answers wrong, please
talk to the teacher at the end of class or during content
mastery for additional help 
#1 - In your own words, tell me what a variable is?

#2 - Write down at least 2 examples of variables:

#1 - In your own words, tell me what a variable is? A
variable is a letter or symbol that represents an
unknown #

#2 - Write down at least 2 examples of variables: C, x,

n,

Answers may vary

Write an algebraic expression for each word
phrase:
#3) take 14 from a number

#4) 15 is decreased by a number

#5) add 8 to a number

Write an algebraic expression for each word
phrase:
#3) take 14 from a number
n – 14

#4) 15 is decreased by a number

15 – n

#5) add 8 to a number

n + 8 or 8 + n
Evaluate each expression when
x=9
#6) 7 + x _________

#7) x – 3 _________
Evaluate each expression when
x=9
#6) 7 + x _________
7 + 9 = 16

#7) x – 3 _________
9–3=6
Use mental math to solve the equations. Rewrite the
equation showing that both sides are equal.

#8) 75 + t = 80
t = ____
___________

#9) b – 52 = 17
b= ____
__________
Use mental math to solve the equations. Rewrite the
equation showing that both sides are equal.

#8) 75 + t = 80
t=5
75 + 5 = 80
80 = 80
#9) b – 52 = 17
b= _69_
69 – 52 = 17
17 = 17
Which number sentence is true if x= 5
#10) a) 38 – x = 30
b) 33 + x = 38
c) 38 = x + 30
d) x – 38 = 33

The correct answer is ____

Explain how you know:
Which number sentence is true if x= 5
#10) a) 38 – x = 30
b) 33 + x = 38
c) 38 = x + 30
d) x – 38 = 33

The correct answer is b

Explain how you know: 33 + 5 = 38
38 = 38
It was the only equation that was “true”
You decide what the following equation represents.
$50.00 – x = $45.00
11) Write a word problem to fit the equation.

Then solve your problem.

You decide what the following equation represents.
$50.00 – x = $45.00
11) Write a word problem to fit the equation.
(example: ) My grandparents gave me fifty
dollars for my birthday. I spent some of my
money on a toy, and now I have $45 left. How
much was the toy that I bought?
Then solve your problem.
$50 – $5 = $45
x = $5
 Evaluate means to substiture a value, then solve the
problem.
 3.2 – Solving Equations
General Review
Translate each phrase into an algebraic expression. Use
“x” as the number.
The sum of negative three an a number.
-3 + x

Negative five decreased by a number.

-5 - x
A number subtracted from eighty-three.
83 - x

The quotient of a number and -4.

x
4
 3.2 – Solving Equations
General Review
Translate each phrase into an algebraic expression. Use
“x” as the number.

The product of 5 and a number, decreased by 25.

5x - 25

Twice the sum of a number and 3.

2(x + 3)

The quotient of 29 and twice a number.

29
2x
Your Turn – Checking Inequalities
 Check whether the given number is a
solution to the inequality
6. n – 2 < 6 n=3
7. 4p – 1 ≥ 8 p=2
8. y3 – 2 ≤ 8 y=2
9. 25 – d ≥ 4 d=5
d
10. a(3a +2) > 50 a=4
Answer
1. True
2. False 11. a. 8 = # of screens for
3. True bonus,
4. False x = bonus,
5. False 96 = number of screens
6. True played
7. False b. x = 12
8. True c. 8(12) = 96
9. True 96 = 96
10.True True
Inequalities
 Another type of open sentence is called
an inequality.
 An inequality is formed when and
inequality sign is placed between two
expressions.
 A solution to an inequality are
numbers that produce a true statement
when substituted for the variable in the
inequality.
 Inequality Symbols
Listed below are the 4 inequality
symbols and their meaning
< Less than
≤ Less than or equal to
> Greater than
≥ Greater than or equal to
Properties of Inequality
1. Trichotomy Property
2. Transitive Property
3. Addition Property of
Inequality
4. Multiplication Property of
Inequality
Equalities vs. Inequalities
 In an equality  In an inequality
there is only there are many
one solution solutions
Example: Example:
3y – 2 = 6(y – 3) 5y – 2 > -3(y + 4)
Seatwork:
Write it in your 1 whole sheet of
paper
On your textbook :
 Part I: Page 20 numbers 67 -76
 Part II: Page 74 numbers 76 -80
Assignment:
Write it in your notebook:
Identify the different strategies
in solving the word problems
Enumerate the steps in solving
the word problems
End of Lesson
Graphing Inequalities
 When we graph an inequality on a number line we use
open and closed circles to represent the number.

<
< Plot an open circle
≤ ≥ Plot a closed circle
x<5
means that whatever value x
has, it must be less than 5.
Try to name ten numbers that
are less than 5!
Numbers less than 5 are to the left
of 5 on the number line.

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25

• If you said 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, -2, -3, etc., you are right.

• There are also numbers in between the integers, like
2.5, 1/2, -7.9, etc.
• The number 5 would not be a correct answer,
though, because 5 is not less than 5.
x ≥ -2
means that whatever value x
has, it must be greater than or
equal to -2.
Try to name ten numbers that
are greater than or equal to
-2
 Numbers greater than -2 are to
the right of -2 on the number line.

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25

-2

• If you said -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., you are right.

• There are also numbers in between the integers,
like -1/2, 0.2, 3.1, 5.5, etc.
• The number -2 would also be a correct answer,
because of the phrase, “or equal to”.
Solving an Inequality
 Follow the same rules and steps that
we used to solve an equation.
 Always undo addition or subtraction
first, then multiplication.
 Remember whatever is done to one
side of the inequality must be done
to the other side. The goal is to get
the variable by itself.
 Solve an Inequality
w+5<8
- 5 -5 All numbers less than 3
are solutions to this
problem!

w< 3

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25

 More Examples
8 + r ≥ -2
-8 -8
All numbers greater than-10 (including
-10)
r ≥-10

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25

 More Examples
2x > -2
2 2
All numbers greater than
-1 make this problem

x > -1 true!

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25

 More Examples
2h + 8 ≤ 24
-8 -8
2h ≤ 16
2 2 All numbers
h≤8 less than 8
(including 8)
-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25
 Solve the inequality and graph the answer.

1. x + 3 > -4 1. x > -7
2. 6d > 24 2. d>4
3. 2x - 8 < 14 3. x < 11
4. -2c – 4 < 2 4. c < -3
Vocabulary
 An equation is formed when an equal sign (=) is placed
between two expressions creating a left and a right side
of the equation
 An equation that contains one or more variables is
called an open sentence
 When a variable in a single-variable equation is
replaced by a number the resulting statement can be
true or false
 If the statement is true, the number is a solution of an
equation
 Substituting a number for a variable in an equation to
see whether the resulting statement is true or false is
called checking a possible solution