SURVEY

Descriptive Survey Method

NORMATIVE
It uses questionnaire or other instruments
CORRELATIONAL to generate data prepared by the
EVALUATIVE researchers.
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE
ADVANTAGES
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Normative Method
NORMATIVE
It deals with standardized instruments like
CORRELATIONAL mental ability test, stress and personality
EVALUATIVE questionnaire, morale and job satisfaction
questionnaire.
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Correlational
NORMATIVE Method
CORRELATIONAL It is used to determine whether or not
EVALUATIVE there is a relationship that exists between
two or more quantifiable variables, if there
ASSESSMENT is, to what extent or degree the
COMPARATIVE relationship is.
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Evaluative Method
NORMATIVE
This study judges the goodness of an
CORRELATIONAL existing program. If it is directed to
EVALUATIVE whether or not a particular program
achieved its goals or not.
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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According to Best and Khan, DEM
NORMATIVE answer the following questions:
CORRELATIONAL 1. What are the goals and objectives of the
program being evaluated?
EVALUATIVE 2. What are the intended results of the
ASSESSMENT program?
3. Are the intended results of the program
COMPARATIVE
achieved?
CONTINUITY 4. Are there other unintended results of the
TREND program? If there is, were they positive or
negative?
NARRATIVE
5. Are the results of the program sufficient
EX-POST FACTO to warrant continuation?
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Descriptive Assessment
NORMATIVE Method
CORRELATIONAL This is a fact-finding activity that describes
EVALUATIVE conditions that exist at a particular time
such as practices and beliefs.
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Comparative
NORMATIVE Method
CORRELATIONAL This method provides an explanation
about the extent of relationship between
EVALUATIVE
two or more variables.
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES
CONTINUITY
TREND
DISADVANTAGES
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Advantages of Comparative
NORMATIVE Study
CORRELATIONAL • Intervening variable can easily be noted
EVALUATIVE • Research variable can easily be selected
ASSESSMENT
• The result can be known immediately
• It is easily conducted
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Disadvantages of Comparative
NORMATIVE Study
CORRELATIONAL • The findings are limited
EVALUATIVE • Variables to be selected are limited
ASSESSMENT • It is difficult to get samples which have
the same characteristics or attributes.
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Continuity Method
NORMATIVE
The researcher is knowledgeable about
CORRELATIONAL the operation of natural or social forces
EVALUATIVE which may be obtained by watching them
ASSESSMENT
analytically at stated intervals in their
development over a long period of time as
COMPARATIVE seen desirable and possible.
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Trend Method
NORMATIVE
Based upon a longitudinal consideration of
CORRELATIONAL recorded data, indicating what has been
EVALUATIVE happening in the past, what the present
situation reveals, and on the basis of these
ASSESSMENT
data it projects what is likely to happen in
COMPARATIVE the future.
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Narrative Method
NORMATIVE
This method tells us about the results of
CORRELATIONAL the study.
EVALUATIVE
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Ex-Post Facto
NORMATIVE Method
CORRELATIONAL Also known as causal-comparative
EVALUATIVE research or after-the-fact research.
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE Limitations of Ex-Post Facto Research
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Descriptive Case Study Method
NORMATIVE
It is an intensive and descriptive analysis of
CORRELATIONAL a single subject. It examines a social unit
EVALUATIVE as a whole, and the unit may be a single
typical individual, a family, a social group,
ASSESSMENT
a social institution, or a community.
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Advantages of the Descriptive
NORMATIVE Survey Method
CORRELATIONAL
• Typical, average or normal.
EVALUATIVE
• The result of the survey may be used for
ASSESSMENT prediction.
COMPARATIVE • It makes possible the formulation of
generalization.
CONTINUITY
• It reveals problem for which timely
TREND remedial measures may be instituted.
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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NORMATIVE
CORRELATIONAL
EVALUATIVE
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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Limitations of Ex-Post Facto
NORMATIVE Research
CORRELATIONAL
• The information used in this study may
EVALUATIVE
not be complete.
ASSESSMENT • Causes are often multiple rather than
COMPARATIVE single.
• Lack of knowledge on the part of the
CONTINUITY researcher regarding what variable were
TREND controlled makes this type of research
NARRATIVE very difficult to do.

EX-POST FACTO
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Limitations of Ex-Post Facto
NORMATIVE Research
CORRELATIONAL
• Independent variables cannot be
EVALUATIVE
manipulated.
ASSESSMENT • Subjects cannot be randomly assigned to
COMPARATIVE treatment group.
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
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NORMATIVE
CORRELATIONAL
EVALUATIVE
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
CASE STUDY
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NORMATIVE
CORRELATIONAL
EVALUATIVE
ASSESSMENT
COMPARATIVE
CONTINUITY
TREND
NARRATIVE
EX-POST FACTO
CASE STUDY