Demand Side Management:

Concept, Need and scenario in

West Bengal

Saroj Sarkar
Engineer (Retd.)
WBSEDCL 1
WHAT IS DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT?

• “Demand Side Management” is the modification of

consumer’s demand of electricity through various
methods such as financial incentives and consumer
education

• Usually the goal of DSM is to encourage the

consumers to use less energy during peak hours or
to move the time of energy use to the off-peak
hours viz. night

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UNDERSTANDING DEMAND AND SUPPLY

Q) Who Demands electricity?

A) The consumer

Q) Who will manage demand for electricity by the

consumers?

A) The Service provider with equal participation

from the Consumer.
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 Need for DSM

• Saving 1 unit of electricity at consumer end

avoids nearly 2.5 times of capacity addition

• 1 MW capacity addition of thermal power

requires Rs 6 crores for installation and
another Rs 3 crores for Transmission and
Distribution

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 Need for DSM …..(contd.)
• Increasing energy requirement

• Increasing threat of climate change and other

environmental considerations

• Energy security

• Lack of other supply options

• Huge scope for energy efficiency measures

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 Peak Demand at 7.30 p.m.
Since – Full Lighting load, and
other Commercial and
Domestic loads

Demand is huge between

5:30 p.m. and 9:30 p.m.
Demand is minimum between
12 a.m. and 6 a.m.

Usual Load Curve of an Utility for a 24 Hour period

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 Observations
• The peak demand of 4,300 MW is there for
only 5-6 hours in the evening

• The base demand is 3,000 MW, which is much

less than the peak demand of 4,300 MW

• To meet the extra demand utility has to

arrange additional installed capacity or
purchase power at high rate
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 Observations …..(contd.)
• Thus utility will always try to encourage
consumers to:

– Use less energy during Peak hours (Peak

Clipping)

– Shift energy use to off peak hours (Valley Filling)

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Therefore consumers too have
a very important role to play
for achieving the objectives of
DSM
Consum
Utility
er

DSM

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 HOW TO DO DSM?

• To charge higher prices during Peak Hours

• Improving the efficiency of various end uses by using energy

efficient appliances, better house keeping and reducing
energy leakages. This is important for agriculture where
energy efficiency is very low (30-50%)

• Promoting use of Energy Efficient Technologies and

addressing Aggregate Technical and Commercial (AT&C)
Losses

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Benefits of Demand Side Management

Customer Benefits Utility Benefits Societal Benefits

•
Satisfy electricity
demands
Reduce environmental
degradation
Lower cost of service

Reduce / stabilize Improve operating Conserve resources

costs or electricity bill efficiency,
Flexibility
Maintain/improve Improve customer Protect global
lifestyle and service environment
productivity

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Present Scenario in West Bengal
Major utility Service Peak Load
Provider
WBSEDCL 4,600 MW
CESC 1,700 MW

Type of Consumer Percentage of Electricity usage under

WBSEDCL (2011)
Domestic 30.3%
Commercial 14.07%
Agriculture 10.25%
Industrial 35.93%
Others 9.36%

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 Actions undertaken by WBSEDCL in West Bengal

• TOD meters for Industrial and Agricultural consumers

• 173 sodium vapour lamps replaced by LED

• Energy Audit undertaken in Government buildings and

corrective measures are being undertaken

• Waste Heat Recovery in some industries undertaken

• Bachat Lamp Yojna

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THANK YOU

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