BIODIESEL AND ITS FUTURE

PERSPECTIVE

Submitted by-
Under the guidance of- AKANKSHA PATEL
Prof A.D. Hiwarkar SAURABH DUBEY
NISHANT KUMAR
INDRAMANI SHUKLA
SAURABH VERMA
ASHVANEE KUMAR
BATHAM
 Introduction
 What is biodiesel
 Benefits of Biodiesel
 Environmental Issues
 Biodiesel background
 Process Flow Sheet
 Conclusion
 References
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS BIODIESEL
• Biodiesel is a Biofuel.

• Natural renewable resources such as vegetable oils can be

chemically transformed into clean burning biodiesel fuels

• Biodiesel is monoalkyl esters of long chain fatty acids

derived from renewable feed stock like vegetable oils and
animal fats
.
• It is produced by transesterification in which, oil or fat is
reacted with a monohydric alcohol in presence of a catalyst.

• Blend: fuel containing 20% biodiesel is labeled b20,while

pure biodiesel is referred to as b100.
1.Biofuel are a renewable energy source.

2.Environmentally superior fuels

3.Energy security

4.Reduced imports

5.Potential for employment generation

Importance of biodiesel
Environmental benefits
 Biodiesel Background
Four main production methods

1.Direct use and blending

2. Micro emulsions
3. Thermal cracking
4. Transesterification

• Among these transesterification is the most common

production method as it uses vegetable oils and animal
fats as feed stocks.
• The reaction is of a fat or oil with an alcohol to form
esters (biodiesel) and glycerol.
 Fat from animal /plant source
 Methanol
 Potassium Hydroxide ( KOH )
 Phenolphthalein indicator
 Sulfuric acid
 Water
 Transfer the mixture into a separating funnel and allow
to settle for 2 hours.

 After 2 hours glycerine will settle at the bottom and

biodiesel separate as top layer.

 Drain the glycerine layer from the separating funnel

from the bottom carefully and store it.

 Allow the biodiesel layer for another ½ hour and

observe any further glycerine settles. If glycerine settles,
then drain it.
 Run the process for 30 minutes .

 After 30 minutes drain the sample and allow it to

settle. Two distinct layer will be obtained
 Run the process for another 1½ hour.

 After 1½ hour drain one more sample and observe

for to separate distinct layer separation.

 Switch off the power and remove the condenser.

 Transfer the mixture into a separating funnel and allow
to settle for 2 hours.

 After 2 hours glycerine will settle at the bottom and

biodiesel separate as top layer.

 Drain the glycerine layer from the separating funnel

from the bottom carefully and store it.

 Allow the biodiesel layer for another ½ hour and

observe any further glycerine settles. If glycerine settles,
then drain it.
•Biodiesel is eco-friendly.

•Biodiesel is clean burning alternative fuel.

•Biodiesel contain no petroleum, but can be

blended with conventional diesel fuel.

•These fuel can be used in any diesel engine

without any modification.

•Biodiesel is degradable , non toxic and free from

sulphur and lead.
 Sustainable source of energy
 During the reaction we obtain
glycerine(glycerol)as by-product which can be
used by pharmaceutical and cosmetic
industries
 It is also studied obtained biodiesel properties
are quite similar to properties of diesel so we
can use this biodiesel directly into conventional
engines without and modifications
 It is also studied that as biodiesel is used as a
blend with 80% diesel ,using this blend will
help to save approx 7.4M tonnes of diesel per
year