Phase-Splitting

Split-Phase Induction Motor

Main Winding contributes “Direct-Axis” flux, d

Auxiliary Winding contributes “Quadrature-flux”, q
Auxiliary Winding is also known as the “Starting Winding”
Equivalent Circuit
 Purpose of the “Phase-Splitter”

• Make the current in the Auxiliary Winding out

of phase with the current in the Main Winding.
• This results in the quadrature field and the
main field being out of phase.
• The locked-rotor torque will be given by

T  k I I sin 
lr sp mw aw

    imw iaw
 Example 6-1

• The main and auxiliary windings of a

hypothetical 120 V, 60 Hz, split-phase
motor have the following locked-rotor
parameters:
– Rmw=2.00 Ω Xmw=3.50 Ω
– Raw=9.15 Ω Xaw=8.40 Ω
• The motor is connected to a 120 V
system. Determine
 Example 6-1 continued

• The locked-rotor current in each winding

Z mw
 R  jX
mw mw
 2.00  j 3.50  4.0311 60.2511
Z  R  jX  9.15  j 8.40  12.4211 42.553
aw aw aw
 Example 6-1 continued

V 120 0
I  T
  29.8  60.3A
4.0311 60.2511
mw
Zmw

V 120 0
I  T
  9.66  42.6A
12.4211 42.5530
aw
Zaw
 Example 6-1 continued

• The phase displacement angle between the

main and auxiliary currents

      60.3  42.6  17.7

imw iaw
 Example 6-1 continued

• The locked-rotor torque in terms of the

machine constant

T  k I I sin 
lr sp mw aw

T  k (29.8)(9.66) sin 17.7  87.52k

lr sp sp
 Example 6-1 continued

• External resistance required in series with the

auxiliary winding in order to obtain a 30 phase
displacement between the currents in the two
windings.
 Example 6-1 continued

• Phasor diagram for the new conditions

  60.3  30  30.3

'

iaw
 Example 6-1 continued
V V 0
I 
'
I T '
 30.3  T

Z '
aw aw
Z '

aw
'

aw Z aw

  30.3
Z aw
'

Z  R  R  jX
aw
'

x aw aw
 Example 6-1 continued

X
t an  
' aw

R R
Z aw

aw x

X
R  aw
R
t an 
x ' aw

Z aw

8.40
R   9.15  14.38  9.15  5.23
t an 30.3
 Example 6-1 continued

• Locked-rotor torque for the condition in d

T  k I I sin 
lr sp mw aw

V 120 0
I I  ' T

9.15  5.23  j 8.40

aw aw
Z '

aw

I  7.2  30.29
'

aw

T  k (29.8)(7.2) sin 30  107.1k

lr sp sp

T  107.1k
lr sp
 Example 6-1 continued

• % increase in locked-rotor torque due to the

adding of additional resistance

107.1k  87.52k
sp
X 100%  22.37%
sp

87.52k sp