CEDRIC D. DAEP, Ph.D.

Albay Public Safety & Emergency Management Office

Province of Albay, Philippines

1
 Province of Albay

CONTEXT
Located in the
Southern part of
Luzon about 500
kilometers SSE
Of Manila
Philippines.

It is geo-
graphically
located in the
Pacific Ring
of Fire and
the typhoon Bicol Region
belt region

Philippines Mayon Volcano

The Treats FOR Eastern Samar
 DRR Governance Framework
ALBAY
DRR

GOVERNANCE

DRR INSTITUTIONS POLICY

BUDGET

4
  Goals-oriented: Sustainable and safe
Human Settlement
 Objective: Zero Casualty, Better Lives
 Strategy: APSEMO as core, multi-agency
support, barangays as the core of operations

CENTRAL PHILOSOPHY
5
THE HAZARD INFORMATION as
the BASIC INPUTS on DRR
 Eastern Seaboard
Isabela & Cagayan Pacific Jinx:
Regions facing Pacific
Infanta, Quezon have lower incomes.
T
$
d
Ñ
Ñ
TÑ
$ T
$
d
ÑÑ Albay

Td
$
1. Domestic Trade
ÑTd
$
Ñ
Patterns
Tacloban and Samar
2. Disaster Front
T
$
Td
$
Ñ
T
$
d
Ñ Guinsaogun,
Southern Leyte

Davao Oriental
and ComVal
Awareness Campaign on the Nature and Effects of
Hazards and their Counter Measures

Cold Front
INTER
TROPICAL
DROUGHT CONVER-
GENCE
ZONE

Active low
THUNDER
pressure
-STORM
Area

LGUs and
Communities
SOUTH-
WEST Tropical
MONSOO Depression
N

NORTH-
EAST Tropical
MONSOO Storm
N
Typhoon
 HAZARDS IN ALBAY
1. Climate Risks
2. Weather and
Hydrologic Hazards
3. Volcanic Hazards
4. Seismologic and
Geologic Hazards
Disaster Risk and Vulnerability of Albay Identified
 19 to 21 typhoons per year in the Philippines
with 3-5 major direct hits on Albay.
 More than 90,000 houses are threatened by
wind with at least 500,000 people have to
evacuate during strong typhoons.
 Mayon Volcano Eruption threatens 3 cities
and 6 municipalities with at least 12,278
vulnerable families
 Rain-induced landslides can affect more than
25,000 families
 Tsunami and Storm Surges directly threatens
30,000 families from the coast of Albay.
 Flood plains have an estimated population of
more than 60,000 families

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Typhoon Reming (Durian)

2016 Typhoon Reming (Durian) 320

kph with 467 mm pptn in 24 hours
PATH OF TYPHOON YOLANDA
TWS#4 – 315 KPH
THE DRR INSTITUTIONALIZATION
 Institutionalized Disaster Risk Management
and Climate Change Adaptation
 Permanent offices
 Established Disaster Operation Center (1991)
 Albay Public Safety and Emergency Management
Office (APSEMO) (1994)
 Establishment of DRR-CCA Training Institute
(2011)
 Creation of Provl. Human Settlement Office (2017)
(Sources of Funds - Regular allocation from the annual provincial
budget (IRA) separate from the DRRM Fund)

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Institutionalized Disaster Risk Management Office in
1994 as the basis of Sustainable DRR

Provl. Govt. Dept. Head

Asst. Provl. Govt. Dept.

Head

Research Medical &

Documentation Emergency
& Statistics Services Traffic Safety
Division Division Division

Planning & Information &

Operations Training
Division Division
Emergency Management Structure
During CAlamities

Disaster Management Coordinator

Asst. Disaster Management Coordinator

Administrative Operations
Emergency Management Structure

ADMINISTRATIVE

Budget & Finance

Data Bank

Documentation & Research Sanggunian liaison

Housekeeping Institutional

Warehousing Networking

Risk Mapping NGO Assistance

Planning Others…..
Emergency Management Structure
(Established During Pre-Disaster Phase but
Activated during the Disaster Phase)
Area Based Emergency
Response Functions

Relief Security

Warning Engineering

Transportation Stress Management

Communication
Health & Sanitation
Rescue & Evacuation
Info. & Media
Educ. & Trng. Releases
Livelihood Livestock
Price Monitoring & Evacuation
Control
Fishing Boats
Evacuation
 PDRRMC Operational Structure
CHAIRMAN

PDOC

VICE-CHAIRMAN
S E C R E TAR IAT E

Pre-Disaster Phase Disaster Phase Post-Disaster Phase

APSEMO
APSEMO LGUs LGUs
LGUs
LGUs
LGUs
C/MDRRMC
C/MDRR NGAs NGAs
NGAs
MC
BDRRMC
BDRRMC NGOs NGOs
PAGASA
PAGASA RELIGIOUS
RELIGIOUS RELIGIOUS
RELIGIOUS
PHIVOLCS
PHIVOLCS MEDIA MEDIA
MEDIA
Intl. Org.
Intl. Org. Intl.
Intl.NGOs
Org.
MEDIA
NGOs APSEMO AMDGO-AMTF Secretariat
APSEMO
Secretariat
Secretariat
THE PROVINCIAL BUDGET
 2018 ALBAY PDRRM BUDGET

The APSEMO The APSEMO

(PDMO) BUDGET BUDGET
1995 - P 702,258.00 2018 - P 14,555,436.00
- Personnel services – P496,727.00 - PS – P8,989,436.00
- MOOE - P174,031.00 - MOOE - P3,366,000.00
- Capital Outlay - P 31,500.00

PDRRMF BUDGET FOR 2019 – 103,200,00

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The Provincial Disaster Preparedness
and Mitigation Activities
 Disaster Risk Reduction: Risk Mapping
 Sources of Funds:

 PHIVOLCS / National Government

 Earthquake mapping
 Volcanic Hazard Mapping
 REDAS training for LGUs
 Tsunami
 PAGASA/ National Government
 Flood Mapping
 Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau / National Government
 Landslide mapping
 LGU – 1991 with the Italian Government Funded Project
 Population and Resource Mapping

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Started Risk and Resource Maps of Albay in 1991

Barangay Risk and Resource

Maps done in 720 barangays of
Albay Province
PHIVOLCS Hazard Maps of Mayon Volcano
PHIVOLCS Tsunami Hazard Maps of Albay Eastern
Seaboard
MGB Sample Hazard Maps
Earthquake Map

Maps of the Probable Active

Earthquake Faults with
identified Strato-volcanoes in
Albay Province
 Community-Based DRR to ZERO CASUALTY

Early Warning System

ZERO
Communication Protocol
CASUALTY

Evacuation Procedures

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 Community-Based DRR to ZERO CASUALTY
Concluded in 2005

D - Disaster Early Warning System

A - Authenticated Communication Protocol
E - Evacuation
Community
P - Procedures Warning
System COMMUNIC-
MOBILIZA-
TION
ATION
Weather
Station DECISION

DETECTION
Community
PREDICTION FORECAST LGUs Other
Stakeholders

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1. WARNING ON WIND FOR EVACUATION
TCWS Strength Lead Actions Responsible Things to do
No. (kph) Time required Persons for disaster
preparednes
s
0 0-30

1 30-60 36 hrs

2 61-120 24 hrs

3 121 -170 18 hrs

4 171-220 18 hrs

5 221 and 12 hrs

above
 Wind Decision Rule
When the tropical cyclone carries a sustained wind
strength of at least 100 kph, where the destructive
wind is to pass through the locality per officially issued
Severe Weather Bulletin by PAGASA, population
occupying houses made up of light materials must
evacuate to the nearest designated safe evacuation
center at Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal Number 2
to 3.
 Storm Surge Decision Rule
When the tropical cyclone carries a sustained wind
strength of at least 100 kph where the center wind is to
pass through the locality, the coastal population
located within the 50-km to 150-km radius (depending
on the wind strength) from the eye must timely
evacuate to a safe place with elevation of at least 5 feet
above sea level starting from the official issuance
declaring Albay Province under Tropical Cyclone
Warning Signal Number 2.
 2. STORM SURGE WARNING
Wind Estimated Evacuation Areas to Actions Time of
strength Wave Target be Required Action
Height (ground affected
elevation)

0-30 normal none Community

preparedn
ess
activities
100 kph 9 – 12 feet 2-meter At signal
above sea No. 3
level
200 kph 18 to 20 4-meters At signal
feet above sea No. 3
level
300 kph 27 – 30 6-meters At signal
feet above sea No. 3
level
 3. FLOOD WARNING INFORMATION
Flood Criteria Actions
Warning Indigenous Interpretation Required
Level Observation of
River Condition
0 No rain Normal Preparedness and
Mitigation Works

1 River Swelling Abnormal On stand-by, on-call

2 Dislodged vegetations Alarming Preparedness
3 Nearly approaching Critical Evacuation
overflow level
4 Start of River Overflow Flooding in Evacuated
progress

5 Flood water subsiding Advisory to decamp

4. LANDSLIDE WARNING INFORMATION
(by Watershed)
Landslide Criteria Interpretation Actions
Warning (Antecedent Required
Level Rainfall)

0 mm Normal

1 ___mm Alarming
2 ___mm Critical
3 ___mm Imminent
4 ___mm Landslide
phase
5 ___ mm Normal
 5. LAHAR WARNING INFORMATION
Flood Warning Criteria Interpretation Actions Required
Level (antecedent
rainfall)
0 0 Normal preparedness
activities

1 15– 25 mm per Abnormal (Alert and

hour Monitoring Status)

2 25-35 mm per hour Critical Preparedness

Status
3 35-45 mm per hour Imminent Evacuation Status

4 60 mm per hour Destructive

mudflow initiates
5 Below 40 mm per Downward
hour precipitation
 RAINFALL INTENSITY
1. Light 2.5 mm/hr or below
2. Light to Moderate 2.5-5.0 mm/hr
3. Moderate 2.5-7.5 mm/hr
4. Moderate to Heavy 5.0-10.0 mm/hr
5. Heavy 7.6 – 15.0 mm/hr
6. Intense 15.1-30.0 mm/hr
7. Torrential 30.0 mm/hr or above
 TYPHOON SCENARIO
IF WHAT?
1. Direct hit

2.Within 50 to 80 km-radius

3. Outside of the 50-80 kms

radius but within the rain
band.
4. Enhanced NE Monsoon

5. Enhanced SW monsoon
 Albay Gulf Tsunami Monitoring System
PHIVOLCS

Internet

PHIVOLCS
Lignon Hill Misibis Bogtong
RapuRapu
Mine Port

30min 20min
Tsunami travel
10min
0min

Wireless APSEMO
LAN

TideGauge
 Communication & Information Protocol
Scientific Data Collections, and
Issuances of Warning Bulletins
HIGHER DCC
PAGASA
PHIVOLCS PDRRMC
Telephone/Fax Infoboard Official Reports and
/VHF Radio
Telephone/VHF Advisories
Radio

MDRRMC
Telephone
/VHF Radio
Collections of Scientific
Tri-Media Data & indigenous
BDRRMC observations
Bell, Whistle,
Megaphone, etc

COMMUNITY

41
 Evacuation Planning Procedures
Establish
Identify at-risk Selection
population Criteria of Safe
Evacuation Centers

Establish Coordinating Arrangements

Organize
for relief and other
Evacuation Team
emergency supports

Come up with
Prepare Evacuation Plan
Evacuation Plan B and Plan C
Community Level
As option in case Plan A fails

Establish
safe
evacuation route

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 Types of Evacuation Movement
Pre-emptive
Mandatory Evacuation in multi-
Evacuation in the hazard areas
Permanent Danger
Zone

Assisted Evacuation
in the High Risk
Zone
Voluntary Evacuation
for the indirect
victims

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 Resources for Preemptive
Evacuation
 Safe Evacuation Centers
 Construction of Emergency Evacuation Centers.
 In times of no disaster, they will operate as classrooms or in the
case of Daraga as municipal activity centers
 Cost: P250m
 Source of Funding: AECID, Deped, LGUs
 Emergency Educational Preparedness Program for Mayon Volcano
Disaster Areas
JiCA  InJiCA
times of no disaster, they will operate as schools
 Cost: P780m
 Source of Funding: JICA

 Safe JiCA
Schools JiCA
Validation survey of all school buildings for structural
safety (design), safety from hazards (location) and safety
for health
 Provision of water-sanitation facilities to 700 school
buildings
 The communities are JiCA involved to developed their
evacuation plans JiCA

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 Model Evacuation Centers (AECID)
6 Emergency Evacuation Center
from AECID:

 Daraga
 Guinobatan
 Camalig
 Ligao City

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 Model Evacuation Centers (JICA)

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PARADIGM OF RESETTLEMENT as Key to ZERO CASUALTY
Research and Risk and
Risk Resource
Assessment Mapping Legislation

Risk and Financing

Resource
Mapping

Developing
Organizing
Safe
Planning Settlements

Monitoring, Evaluation and

Reporting
 Model Relocation Sites
1. Taysan (Legazpi City)
2. Banquerohan (Legazpi City)
3. Sta. Monica (Legazpi City)
4. Anislag Phases 1, 2,3 (Daraga)
5. Baldo 1 (Daraga)
6. Baldo 2 (Daraga)
7. Amore (Daraga)
8. Bascaran (Daraga)
9. Penafrancia (Daraga)
10.Pandan (Daraga)
11.Cullat (Daraga)
12.Balinad (Daraga)
13.Banadero (Daraga)
14.Tagaytay (Camalig)
15.Baligang (Camalig)
16.St. Francis of Assisi (Camalig)
17.Mauraro (Guinobatan)
18.Quitago (Guinobatan)
19.Minto (Guinobatan)
20.Tuburan (Ligao)
21.Lanigay (Polangui)
22.San Andres phases 1 & 2 (Sto.
Domingo)
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Model Relocation Sites
 Preemptive Healthcare

Preemptive Healthcare
 Universal health coverage esp targeted at indigent families
 Regular medical missions in high risk areas prior to disaster
season
 For typhoons, ahead of disaster season
 Mayon eruption targeted at 56 barangays
 affords sufficient leeway and could be done only when alert
status is raised

 Source of funds: Public health programs of provincial

health office (provincial budget,) PCSO, DOH, medical
missions of civic organizations like Rotary Club of Legazpi

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 Resources for Social Preparations
Continuous Training and Education
 Components
 Starting with the children
 Household preparedness
 Community preparedness (first responder capacity)
 LGU preparedness (first integrator)
 Installation of rain gauges and flood markers
 Evacuation and Community Kitchen Management
 Critical Incidence Stress Debriefing
 Community Risk Mapping and Contingency Planning
 Conduct of drills and exercises in schools, hospitals, hotels,
malls and communities to pre-test the hazard specific
contingency plan on volcanic eruption, earthquake typhoon and
fire.
 Institutionalized training of paramedics (AHEM)
 Etc.

 Source of funds: PGA, DOH, AECID Private Sectors, LGUs

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 Other Training Activities

1. Executive Training Course

2. Professional Training Courses
3. Special Training Courses
4. Community-Based Training Course

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Community Training and Seminar

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Community Drills

57
Institutionalized Training of Emergency
Paramedics Units

58
Training of Rescue Volunteers

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STARTING THEM EARLY ON DRR

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CHILDREN DRR THROUGH GAMES

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CHILDREN DRR THROUGH MAGIC

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 Risk Reduction: Land Use Plan and Zoning

Comprehensive Land Use Plan

1. Against disaster: science-based adaptation
2. Integration of climate and disaster risks into
zoning ordinance with 3 cities and 18
municipalities trained

Source of Funds: P16m from UNDF MDGCF

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 Mainstreaming DRR/CCA to CLUP
1. DRR / CCA became part of regular local planning
and programming
2. Local development budget allocates 68% to
DRR/CCA related activities as DRR & CCA are
considered Economic Investment.
3. Albay Public Safety & Emergency Management
Office, DENR and PHIVOLCS are regular members
of the Provincial Land Use Committee
4. Local Policy Supports DRR/CCA Geo-Strategic
Investments.