SEMINAR ON

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
 Topics of discussion
 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
 SCOPE
 LANDSCAPE PLANNERS
 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS
 LANDSCAPE DESIGNERS
 EXTENSION-SERVICE SPECIALIST
 PROPERTY OWNERS
 DESIGN PROCESS
 ELEMENTS OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN
 MACRO & MICROCLIMATE
WHAT IS LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE?

Landscape is to preserve or create a pleasing site

character by bringing all the elements of landscape
or its parts into harmony. Good landscaping
should be beautiful, of course, but on the
practical side of ledger, landscaping should also
serve many functions.
It is an art that requires many skilled craftsmen
for implementation.
LANDSCAPE, ITS NATURE AND SCOPE
Landscape should provide cooling in summers,
allowing the sun’s warmth to heat in the winters,
blocking the winds, and sheltering from rain or
snow. It is an investment that should always
provide an excellent results if properly
designed, implemented, and maintained. It is
comprehensive by definition-no less than the art
and science of analysis, planning design,
management, preservation and rehabilitation
of the land.
 LANDSCAPE PLANNERS

Many people perform this complex design process.

Different groups of people, all with their own unique
relationship to landscape design, are represented.
These groups are usually: landscape architects,
landscape designers, extension-service
specialists, and property owners.
Clear differences do exist between landscape
Architecture and the other design professions.
Architects primarily design buildings and
structures with specific uses, such as homes,
offices, schools and factories. Civil engineers
apply scientific principles to the design of city
infrastructure such as roads, bridges, and public
utilities. Urban planners develop a broad overview of
development for entire cities and regions
Landscape architects touch on all the last
mentioned design professions, integrating
elements from each of them.
While having a working knowledge of architecture,
civil engineering and urban planning, landscape
architects take elements from each of these
fields to design aesthetic and practical relationships
with the land. There exists some confusion
between the definition of “landscape architect”
and “landscape designer”. after conducting a survey
in America these categories are defined as follows:
 LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS.
A landscape architect is literally an architect of

the landscape, bringing together the natural

Balance between the needs of man and ecology.

This individual has the ability to create design

for everything from small intimate garden to

new cities to parks of varying sizes. His skills

in drafting and art help him to prepare line

drawings that can be used by the contractors
The landscape architect’s drawing enables him
to transform his creative ideas into clearly
understood presentations. Landscape architect
may become specialist in certain fields, as golf
courses, municipal parks, community or regional
planning and residential or commercial properties.
The landscape architect usually has a formal
education from an accredited school or has
acquired the knowledge through years of
experience in design field.
 LANDSCAPE DESIGNERS.

This individual is employed by a landscape nursery to

design the work that the firm builds.
The landscape designer is familiar with design
principles,
plant culture requirements and landscape
construction methods. The projects of landscape
designer are usually
residential or small commercial jobs and consist
primarily of planting designs. The landscape
designer is a person with a flair for design and
has an ornamental horticulture background. This
design knowledge is obtained through practical
experience or formal education.
 EXTENSION-SERVICE SPECIALISTS.
The job of Extension-service specialists is to

disseminate current information to the public.

All these specialists are trained to help others,

help themselves, but they are largely overworked

and understaffed.

It is not their job to plan individual

landscapes, but they provide help to Landscape

Designers or Landscape Architects.

 PROPERTY OWNERS.

Some property owners can design

satisfactory landscape for themselves.
Any homeowner who wants to design his
or her own landscape, generally solicit
guidance from extension personnel or
local nursery men or study reliable
literature.
 DESIGN PROCESS

Many of the stages in landscape designing

process
are interrelated so closely that it Is necessary
to consider them simultaneously. The design
Process begins with a thorough design analysis
and
an analysis of people’s needs. Until the needs
of
the property and the people using it are
known,
they cannot be met.
After the complete design analysis the
designer starts with planning procedure, in
which he consider all the factors of analysis.
Then all the plants, shrubs and materials and
its
textures are demarcated at their
respective proposed places on paper in the form
of plans, plan views, elevations and perspective
views.
 SITE ANALYSIS

• GET EXISTING SITE PLAN WITH PROPER

DIMENSIONING,TO USE EVEN A SMALL
SPACES. USE OF SMALL SPACES IS VERY
HELPFUL SOMETIMES.
• LOCATE ALL DOORS AND WINDOWS.
• LOCATE WATER OUTLETS, ELECTRIC METER,
AND OTHER UTILITY STRUCTURE IN SITE.
• LOCATE EXISTING LANDSCAPE FEATURES.
• LOCATE ACCESS ROUTES AND EXISTING
PATHWAYS.
• STUDY THE SITE TERRAINS IF ANY.
• ANALYSE THE NEED OF SCREEN OUT NOISE,
DUST, CAR HEADLIGHTS.
• CHECK THE SOIL FOR DEPTH, ROCK CONTENT.
ELEMENTS OF LANDSCAPE DESIGN:-

NATURAL

MAN MADE
NATURAL ELEMENTS

Major Elements

Minor Elements
 MAJOR ELEMENTS

EARTH FORMS
MOUNTAINS
VALLEYS

WATER
SEA

PLANTS
FORESTS
 MINOR ELEMENTS

EARTH FORMS
MOUNDS
HILLS

WATER
LAKES
RIVERS
PONDS

PLANTS
TREES
MAN MADE ELEMENTS

Earth forms

Plants

Water
EARTH FORMS

WIND BREAKER

SOUND BARRIER

VISUAL SCREEN

TO PROVIDE BACKDROP

BUILDING PLATFORM
 WIND RREAKER
BY CREATING ANY EARTH FORM IN THE
PATH OF THE WIND . IT WORKS AS A WIND
BREAKER .

SOUND BARRIER
BY CREATING ANY EARTH FORM IT
WORKS AS A SOUND BARRIER.
 VISUAL SCREEN
CREATING EARTH-FORM TO DISTURBE
THE VIEW.

TO PROVIDE BACKDROP
CREATING EARTH-FORM TO GIVE A
BACKDROP TO A BUILDING.
 BUILDING PLATFORM

BY PROVIDING DIFFERENT EARTH

FORMS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS TO GIVE
A SUITABLE PLATFORM TO PLACE THE
BUILDINGS.
 PLANTS

WIND SCREEN
BACK DROP
NOISE ABETMENT
PATH ARTICULATION
SHADE
SCALE INDUCTION
ENFRAMENT
GROUND SPACE DEFINATION
SLOPE AND WATER SHED PROTECTION
ORNAMENTATION
OVERHEAD PROTECTION AND CANOPY
 WIND SCREEN
BY PLANTING THE TREES IN THE PATH OF
THE WIND. IT WORKS AS A WIND SCREEN.
 BACKDROP

BY PLANTING THE TREES ON THE BACK

OF ANY BUILDING TO GIVE A BACK
GROUND TO IT.
 NOISE ABETMENT

FOR PROTECTION FROM SOUND WE

MUST PLANT TREES .
 PATH ARTICULATION

BY PLANTING THE
TREES ON THE SIDES
OF THE PATH.
 SHADE

BY PROVIDING THE
SITTING AREA UNDER THE
TREES THE TREES
PROTECTS FROM DIRECT
SUN LIGHT AND PROVIDES
US SHADE.
SCALE INDUCTION

PROPORTIONS AND SCALE

FACTOR DETERMINE SPATIAL
QUALITY OF THE
SURROUNDINGS.
 ENFRAMENT

BY PLANTING THE TRES ON THE SIDES

OF A BUILDING JUST TO MAKE A FRAME
OF THE BUILDING.
GROUND SPACE DEFINATION

BY PLANTING THE TREES ON THE

SIDES OF A PARTICULAR SPACE TO
DEFINE THE SPACE. AS TO DEFINE
THE SPACE FOR DIFFERENT
PURPOSES.
SLOPE AND WATER SHED PROTECTION

ORNAMENTATION
BY PLANTING THE
ORNAMENTED TREES
IN A SPACE.
OVERHEAD PROTECTION AND CANOPY
BY PLANTING THE TREES WHICH COVERS A
SPACE AND PROVIDES OVERHEAD
PROTECTION FROM SUN LIGHT AND RAIN.
WATER
VISUAL EFFECTS

COOLING EFFECT

AUDITORY

RECREATION

CIRCULATION CONTROL

UTILITARION
 VISUAL SCREEN

WATER CAN FUNCTION AS VISUAL SCREEN WITH IN

A SPACE OR AS A MEANS OF CREATING AND
MAINTAINING A SENSE OF COMMUNITY WITH IN A
SPACE. A SENSE OF CALM AND SERENITY BY A
STREAM OR POOL WITH IN A SPACE.
 COOLING EFFECT

AIRBURNE SPRAY AND EVAPORATION FROM

WATER DISPLAYS CAUSE A COOLING
EFFECT.POOLS CREATS COOLING EFFECTS BY
PROVIDING POOLS OR WATER BODIES IN THE PATH
OF AIR.
AUDITORY :- THE INTENSITY AND FREQUENCY
OF THE SOUND GENERATED BY A WATER
DISPLAY OR BY THE FOUNTAINS.
RECREATION :-POOLS MAY BE DESIGNED FOR
SWIMMING,FISHING,BOATING AND FOR SOME
OTHER RECREATIONAL PURPOSES.
UTILITARION :-THEIR USE AS A FIRE FIGHTING
OR IRRIGATION RESERVIOR,AS A RETENTION
POND FOR SITE DRAINAGE.
CIRCULATION CONTROL :- POOLS MAY BE USED
TO DIRECTOR INTERRUPT TRAFFIC PATTERNS
FOR REASONS OF SAFETY OR SECURITY OR
SIMPLY TO PROMOTE AN ORDERLY
PROGRESSION THROUGH A SPACE.
 MACRO & MICROCLIMATE

A climate that refers to several provinces might

be referred to as a macroclimate.It is the climate
of large area corresponding to the small area.
Microclimate is the climate of small area
corresponding to the large area.
As per example of RAJSTHAN the climate is
very hot , is said to be the macroclimate of area,
but in the same RAJSTHAN the climate of
MOUNT ABU is cool corresponding to the
climate of whole RAJSTHAN , is said to be the
micro climate.