132 KV Switchyard System

EJAZ AHMED
MTO ELECTRICAL
 132 kV Switchyard System

The function of the 132 kV Ring Bus System is to receive

generated power from the main transformers and supply it
to the local utility through two 132 kV switchyard tie lines.
The ring bus consists of five power circuit breakers
arranged into two paths, which can interconnect to form a
ring. This configuration allows power to flow from any
generator to either transmission line with any section of the
bus out of service.
Ring Bus system
 MAJOR PARTS OF 132 KV SWITCH YARD SYSTEM:

 Main step up transformers

 132 KV SF6 Circuit breaker
 Isolators
 Capacitive voltage transformer
 Current transformer
 Surge arrestors
 Wave trap
 MAIN STEP UP TRANSFORMER

 Three main steps up transformers are installing in FKPCL.

 Two 48MVA rated transformer are connected to the gas
turbine generator. one 60MVA rated transformer are
connected into steam turbine generator. It converts 11.5 kV
into 132kv.
 132kv SF6 Circuit Breaker

 Five 132kv sf6 power circuit breaker are arranged in two

parallel path in a ring Which is known as (52 R1, 52 R2, 52
R3, 52 R5, 52 R6)
 Each breaker is rated at 145kv and safely opens on full load
132 kV current.
 The breaker consists of three separate vertical cylinders per
phase called pole columns.
 pole column contain internally mechanical circuit
Interrupter which mechanically close or open in 132 kv
circuit.
 After each breaker operation the spring is reloaded by a
motor, ready for the next breaker operation.
 SF6 Gas (colorless, odorless, non-toxic, and non-
inflammable ). Normal 0.68 MPa pressure. 14% drop
Alarm, 18% drop 0.55MPa functional lockout prevent
Breaker operation.
 Arcing contact ,Interrupter Unit
 Linkage Rod
 A spring provides mechanical force to the linkage rod
which opens or closes the three contacts.
 Breaker control power is supplied from the 110 VDC
battery
 240 V AC anti-condensation heater
 Crank handle for manual charging of spring
 Control

 Sync-check relay:
A sync-check relay is installed for each breaker. The sync-check
relay is a permissive that ensures that the voltages on both sides
of the breaker are in phase before the breaker is closed.

 Breaker Failure:
The 50BF relay is an instantaneous over current protective relay
that operates on a predetermined value of high current after a
time delay, to detect failure of a breaker to open. The relay
provides a trip signal to group of circuit breakers after a preset
time delay, isolating the faulted breaker from the 132 KV system:
 ISOLATORS

 Isolator is a no load-break switch rated at 1250amp at

145kv.
 Isolators provide physical separation of the ring bus
breakers from the main line for maintenance purpose and
it should only be open when the required bus is de-
energized and breaker is open.
 The ground switch must not be closed until all power
sources are locked out.
 Instrument transformers

Instrument transformers are used for measuring voltage

and current in electrical power systems, and for power
system protection and control where a voltage or current is
too large to be conveniently used by an instrument, it can
be scaled down to a standardized, low value.
 Capacitive voltage Transformer (CVT)

 Capacitive voltage Transformer (CVT) steps down voltage

of a circuit to a low value that can be effectively and safely
used for metering and relays used for various protective
purpose. In CVT capacitor acting as a potential divider.
 The low secondary voltage allows protective
relay equipment and measuring instruments
to be operated at lower voltages.
 Current Transformer
 The instrument current transformer (CT) steps down the
current of a circuit to a lower value and is used in the
same types of equipment as a potential transformer.
 Used for metering and protection.
 Surge arrestor

 Surge arrestor gives the protection against surge currents

or voltages in a circuit. Surges can be produced because
of short circuit, lightning, sparking etc.
 Surge arresters are used to protect transmission lines,
transformer or other equipments from transient voltage.
 Wave Trap
 A wave trap is a device that allow only a particular
frequency to pass through it that it filters the signals
coming on to it. CVTs in combination with wave traps are
used for filtering high frequency communication signals
from power frequency.
 Power Line carrier is used all over the
world to transfer multiple information
via HV transmission lines and have
become important instrument for
management and safety of electrical
power systems.