CELL PARTS

Ms. Ethridge, Ms. Milstead, Ms. Myers, Ms. 
Palermo
OBJECTIVES
 Identify the cell parts of an animal.
 Focus on the functions of the cell parts.
THE PARTS OF THE
CELL
CYTOPLASM

- FLUID FILLED INTERIOR OF CELL

- SUSPENDS CELL ORGANELLES

THE NUCLEUS
Nucleus
-Surrounded by a nuclear envelope with nuclear pores
-Contains the genetic information (DNA) which exists as
chromatin in a non-dividing cell
-Controls all cell activities

Nucleolus
-In the center of the nucleus
-Produces the ribosomes
CELL MEMBRANE

 The thin layer of protein 
and fat that surrounds 
the cell. The cell 
membrane is semi 
permeable, allowing 
some substances to pass 
into the cell and blocking 
others.
CHROMOSOMES
 Eukaryotes (cells with nuclei such 
as those found in plants, yeast, and 
animals) possess multiple large 
linear chromosomes contained in 
the cell's nucleus. 
 In the nuclear chromosomes of 
eukaryotes, the uncondensed DNA 
exists in a semi­ordered structure, 
where it is wrapped around 
histones (structural proteins), 
forming a composite material called 
chromatin.
Mitochondria

- Produces cellular energy in the form of ATP through a

process called cellular respiration (metabolizes glucose)
FIGURE 4.17
RIBOSOMES
-site of protein synthesis

-links amino acids together to

form proteins
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

- TRANSPORT SYSTEM WITHIN THE CELL

- TRANSPORT CELL MATERIALS

- TWO TYPES:
ROUGH (WITH RIBOSOMES)
AND SMOOTH
Rough ER
-has ribosomes which give
it its "rough" appearance
-functions in protein
synthesis

Smooth ER
-mostly contains enzymes
that function in lipid
synthesis)
FIGURE 4.10A
GOLGI APPARATUS
--flattened stacks of
membranes

--collects, packages
and modifies cell
materials to be used
in other parts of the
cell or transported
out of the cell
LYSOSOMES

-digests and recycles old cell parts,

sometimes bacteria

-contain high levels of enzymes

Vacuole

-mainly storage of water

in plant cells, some waste

- some animal cells have small

vacuoles
Centrioles
- used during cell division to move and separate
chromosomes

- only found in animal cells

FIGURE 4.7A
FIGURE 4.13
FIGURE 4.16
FIGURE 4.17A
a. ________________

b. ________________

c. _________________

d. _________________

e. _________________

f. __________________

f.
OBJECTIVES
 Identify the cell parts of an animal.
 Focus on the functions of the cell parts.