CE 303: Introduction to

Construction
Blueprint Lab
 Objectives

 Types of lines and symbols

 Various types of views used in
drawings
 Topography/contour maps
 Profiles
 Cross Sections
 Plot Plans
Legends

 List of symbols used to identify

features in the drawing.
 Every symbol and line type used in
the drawing will have a
corresponding entry in the legend.
General Line Types
(Alphabet of Lines)

 Property Lines
 Border Lines
 Object Lines
 Hidden Lines
 Center Lines
 Dimension and Extension Lines
 Break Lines
 Cutting Plane Lines or Section Lines
Alphabet of
Lines
property line
border line

object line

hidden line

center line
Alphabet of Lines
Dimension Line

dimension &
extension lines 23’-6”

Extension Line
Alphabet of Lines

break lines
long

short
Alphabet of Lines
cutting-plane lines
direction section
section identification is facing

F
A5
sheet number
location of section

B B

G
S12
Blueprint View
Types

 Plan Views
 Orthographic/Perspective
 Detail Views
 Contour/Topographic Views
 Cross-sections
 Profiles
 Plot Plans
Typical Architectural
Plan View
 Orthographic
Views/Drawings

 all construction drawings use

orthographic drawings
 projected at right angles
 more detail can be shown
 start with the front view
 drawn to true size or scale
 Perspective
View/Drawings

 most realistic
 receding lines meet at vanishing
points
• one - point
• two - point
 Perspective
Drawings

Figure 6 - 15

Figure 6 - 11
two- -point
one point
Figure 6 - 12
Figure 6 - 16
 Detail Views

 Certain features can not always be

clearly shown on construction
drawings.
 Require a large scale illustration to
show all of the details.
 May be placed on the same sheets as
the plan or elevation views or on
separate sheets.
Detail Views
Topography &
Contours

 Contour Lines identify the ground

elevation.
• All points along a single contour line have the
same elevation.
• The interval between contours can represent
any convenient distance. (i.e. 1’, 2’, 5’, etc…)
 Topography is the location and elevation of
features, consisting of both natural and
man-made objects.
Cross Sections

 Cross sections show the “inside” of a

structure, or the elevations of the
earth and structures along a station.
 Used heavily in earthworks and
highway construction.
 Provided for features whose
construction is not shown clearly on
plan or elevation drawings.
Example of Cross Section
 Profiles

 Profiles are vertical sections through

a topographic map that shows the
earth’s surface at any location along
an alignment.
 Profiles often have a vertical
exaggeration in order to show more
detail of the surface.
 Plot Plans
(Site Plans)
 View from above the property that
illustrates location of building on the lot.
• Lot and block number or address
• Bearing and length of property lines
• North arrow
• Dimensions of front, rear and side yards.
• Location of other accessory buildings
• Location of walks, drives, fences, etc…
• Location of Utilities, and easement setbacks
• Elevations at various locations
• Etc…