Professional Documents
Culture Documents
General Biology 2. Skeletal System PowerPoint
General Biology 2. Skeletal System PowerPoint
Anatomy and
Physiology
Rheymar T. Morales
Anatomy
► It refers to the scientific study of the body’s
structures.
► It has a Greek root which means “to cut
apart”.
11 Body Systems
Skeletal System
What are the 5
Functions of the
Skeletal System?
Muscle attached to bones!! 1. Movement: Skeletal system
provides points of
attachment for muscles.
Your legs and arms move
when the muscles pull on
the bones.
► Appendicular
Skeleton: The
appendicular skeleton
includes the
appendages of the
body, which are the
shoulders, arms, hips,
and legs.
What are the Basic Bone Shapes?
Gross Anatomy of a Long Bone
What is the Structure
of Bone? ► Typical Four Layers:
Periosteum: Covers
Bones
Compact Bone: Lies
beneath the
periosteum
Spongy Bone: Lies
beneath the
compact bone
Bone Marrow: Fills
the gaps between
the spongy bone
What is the In the spaces of many
Structure of bones there is a soft
connective tissue
Bone? called marrow.
Two types of Marrow:
►Red
►Yellow
Red Marrow
produces most
of the body’s
blood cells.
Yellow Marrow
stores fat that
can serve as an
energy reserve.
How Strong are The structure of
Bones? bones make it
both strong and
light weight.
20 % of an adults
body weight is
bone.
Bone is made up
of 2 minerals:
►Calcium
►Phosphorus
How Do Bones Develop?
How Do Bones Develop?
How Do Broken Bones Heal?
Buti pa yung bone naghi-heal ng kusa. Oops !!!
Parts of the Skeletal System
• Bones
• Joints
• Cartilages
► It supports the
face and
protects the
brain.
► 2 Parts: Cranial
Vault and Facial
Bones
► Adults Only: 22
bones in the
skull
Vertebral Column
► The major
function of
the
vertebral
column is
protection
of the spinal
cord and
stiffening
the body.
Bony Thorax
► Forms a
cage to
protect
major
organs
The
Appendicular
Skeleton
► Has 3
Major Parts
► Limbs
► Pectoral
Girdle
► Pelvic
Girdle
Pectoral Girdle
(Shoulder)
► Provide the
points of
attachment
of the upper
limbs to the
axial
skeleton.
Pelvis Girdle
► It supports
the total
weight of
the upper
body.
Limbs
(Appendages)
► To grab
objects and
provide
locomotion.
►Upper Limb
►Lower Limb
Upper Limb
► It contains
30 bones
►Has 3
regions
► Arm
► Forearm
► Wrist-Hand
Lower Limb
► It consists
of Thigh,
Leg and
Foot.
• A joint is a place
What are
where two bones
Joints? come together.
• A joint that
allows little or
no movement
What are • Allow the body to move
Movable Joints? in a wide range of
movements.
• Bones in movable
joints are held together
by strong connective
tissue called
ligaments.
• Four types of movable
joints:
• Hinge
• Ball-and-socket
• Pivot
• Gliding
► Movement in one
Hinge Joint
direction like a door.
Ex. Knee and Elbow
► Allows forward or
backward motion.
Ball-and-Socket
► Round end of bone
Joint fitting snuggly within
another bone.
Ex. Shoulder and
Hip
► Allows the greatest
range of motion.
The ball-and-socket
joint allows you to
swing your arm
freely in a circle.
► Bone resting atop
another bone permitting
What is a Pivot free movement.
Joint? Ex. Neck, Wrist and
Ankles
► Allows one bone to
rotate around another.
Allows you to turn your
head
Gliding Joint