Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PREPARED BY:
BALTAZAR, ALFONSO NOEL III B.
BANGAYAN, ANGELICA MAY D.
GALBAN, PHELGRAM
MATABIA, EDISON M.
VINLUAN, BELHAM
OUTLINE
• INTRODUCTION
• SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLY
• TOOLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
• BIODIVERSITY
• DEMAND & SUPPLY OF ENERGY
• ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (EMS)
INTRODUCTION
What is an EMS?
• An Environmental Management System (EMS) is a set of processes
and practices that enable an organization to reduce its
environmental impacts and increase its operating efficiency.
• It includes the organizational structure, planning and resources for
developing, implementing and maintaining policy for environmental
protection.
Some Basic EMS Definitions
Environmental Aspect (Cause) - The elements of an
organization’s activities, products, or services which
can interact with the environment.
PLANNING
In the planning phase of EMS, we will identify impacts
the environment, and determine which of those
impacts are significant, set objectives and targets to
minimize environmental impacts and improve
environmental performance, and establish action plans
to meet the objectives and targets. EMS consist of:
– Environmental Impacts and Aspects
– Compliance
– Objectives and Targets
IMPLEMENTATION
Define roles and responsibilities
Provide EMS training
Establish internal and external communication mechanism
Establish document control system
Establish operational controls
Integrate with or establish emergency preparedness procedures
MANAGEMENT REVIEW
Regular reviews are key to continual improvement and to ensuring that
EMS will continue to meet needs over time.
Connecting the Environment and the
People
SUSTAINABLE
ENERGY SUPPLY
RESOURCES
Are commodities that are useful to people
although the value and importance of individual
resources may differ between cultures .
TYPES OF RESOURCES
• Natural resources
• Human resources
NON- RENEWABLE ENERGY
RESOURCES
They take a long time to form and to be replenished ,
easy to develop and cheap to use, but have become
major polluters of the environment.
COAL
Formed from fossilized plants and consisting of carbon with various
organic and some inorganic compounds.
Burnt to provide heat or electricity.
OIL
A carbon-based liquid formed from fossilized animals.
Widely used in industry and transport
NATURAL GAS
Has become the fastest growing energy resource
Often used in houses for heating and cooking.
NUCLEAR ENERGY
Electricity is generated from the energy that is released when the
atoms of these minerals are split (by nuclear fission) in nuclear
reactors.
It doesn't give off atmospheric pollutants.
RENEWABLE ENERGY
They are likely to become cost- competitive, offer
great energy diversity , and allow for a cleaner
environment.
TYPES
• Continuous sources – are recurrent and will never
run out. They include running water(HEP), the sun
(solar) etc.
• Flow sources- are sustainable provided that they
are carefully managed and maintained e.g. biomass,
including the use of fuel wood.
HYDRO ELECTRICITY
Is the most widely use commercially produce source of energy.
Its availability depends on assured supply of fast flowing water which may
be obtained from rainfall spread evenly throughout the year, or by building
if dams and storing water in large reservoirs.
WIND
Is the most successful of renewable technology
Potentially infinite energy supply and pollution – free.
SOLAR ENERGY
The sun is the primary source of the earth’s energy. Energy from sunlight is
captured in solar panels and converted into electricity.
Manufacture and implementation of solar panels can be costly.
BIOMASS
Biomass, also known as bio fuels an bio energy, is the most dominant form
of energy for most of the world’s population who are living in extreme
poverty.
Its obtained from organic matter i.e. crops, plants and animal waste.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (EMS)
TOOLS FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
• Environmental Impact Assessment: A process whereby the impact on the
environment of a project or development is assessed in terms of biodiversity,
geology, water, energy, waste, historical and indigenous significance (if relevant)
and social and economic changes.
• Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) : Also called “cradle to grave analysis”, it is a technique
to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product's life
from-cradle-to-grave (i.e., from raw material extraction through materials
processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair and maintenance, and disposal
or recycling).
LCA’s can help avoid a narrow outlook on environmental concerns by:
• Compiling an inventory of relevant energy and material inputs and
environmental releases;
• Evaluating the potential impacts associated with identified inputs and
releases;
• Interpreting the results to help you make a more informed decision
WHAT CAN BE DONE WITH LCA?
1.Product or project development and improvement
2.Strategic planning
3.Public policy making
4.Marketing and eco-declarations
BIODIVERSITY
Biodiversity is the distribution and number, variety
and variability of living organisms over time.
Economic
• The most accessible and low cost deposits are invariably developed
first.
• When energy prices rise significantly, companies increase spending
on exploration and develop.
Political
• Government may insist on energy companies producing a certain
proportion of their energy from renewable sources.
• Legislation regarding emissions from power stations will favor the
use of, for example ,low sulphur coal, as opposed to coal with a high
sulphur content.
FACTORS LEADING TO THE CHANGES
IN USAGE OF ENERGY
• Technological development – e.g. nuclear electricity has only been available
since 1954. oil and natural gas can now be extracted from much deeper
waters than in the past. Renewable energy technology is advancing steadily.
• Changes in price- the relative price of the different types of energy can
influence demand.
ENVIRONMENTAL
DEGRADATION
Environmental degradation is any change or
disturbance to the environment apparent to be
harmful or undesirable causing a decrease of
quality. This can happen naturally e.g. erosion,
landslides, forest fires , floods or man made
pollution .