Air Gap - An air gap in a water supply system, is the unobstructed vertical distance through the free

atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet sup-plying water to a tank, plumbing
fixture, or other device and the flood level rim of the receptacle.

Back flow -Is the flow of water, or other liquid mixture or substances into the distributing pipes of a
potable supply of water from any source, other than its intended source.

Back Siphonage - refers to the back flow of used contaminated or polluted water from a plumbing
fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such a pipe.

Battery of Fixture - Refers to any group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharges into a
common horizontal waste pipe or soil branch.

Bib -Is synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, plug, etc. the word faucet is preferred.

Blind Flange - A flange that closes the end of a pipe. There is no opening for the passage of water.

Blow off - A controlled outlet on a pipeline used to discharge water.

Branch -Is any part of piping system other than the main riser or stack.

Branch Interval - Is the length of a soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a storey height, but in
no case less than 2.40 meters within which the horizontal branches from one floor or storey of a
building are connected to the stack.

Branch vent - Is a vent connecting one or more individual vents with a vent stack or stack vent.

Calking - Is plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials, that are pounded into the place or
opening.

Circuit vent - Is a branch vent that serves two or more traps, and extends from the front of the last
fixture connection of a horizontal branch to the vent stack.

Continuous Vent - Is a vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain to which the vent connects.

Combination Fixtures - Is a fixture combining one sink and tray or a two or three compartment sink or
tray in one vent.

Combination Waste and Vent System - Is a specially designed system of waste piping embodying the
horizontal wet venting of one and more sinks or floor drains by means of common waste and vent pipe
adequately sized to provide free movement of air above the flow line of the drain.

Common Vent - Is a drain from two or three fixture connected to a single trap. It is also called a dual
vent.
Cross Connection - Is any physical connection be-tween two otherwise separate piping system, one
contains potable water, and the other from unknown or question-able safety, whereby, water may flow
from one system to the other direction of flow depending on the pressure differential between the two
systems.

Dead End - Is the extended portion of a pipe that Is closed at one end permitting the stagnation of water
or air the rein.

Developed Length - The length along the center of the pipe and fitting.

Diameter -Diameter of a pipe or tube refers to the nominal internal diameter (ID) of such pipe, except
brass and copper tube where the term refers to the outside diameter (OD) of the pipe.

Drainage System - Drainage system includes, all piping within the public or private premises that
conveys sewage, rainwater, or other liquid waste, to a legal point of disposal. It does not include the
mains of public sewer system private or publíc sewerage treatment or disposal plant、

Dry Vent - A vent that does not carry water or waterborne wastes.

Effective Opening - Is the minimum cross sectional area at the point of water supply discharge,
measured or expressed in terms of diameter of a circle. If the opening is nót a circle, the diameter of a
circle that is equivalent to the cross sectional area. (This is applicable to air gap)

Existing Work - Shall apply tó that portion of a plumbing system that has been installed and approved
prior to the contemplated addition, alteration or correction.

Fixture Branch- Is a pipe connecting several fixtures.

Fixture Drain - Is the drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction of that drain with any other drain -
pipe.

Fixture Supply - Is a water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch.

Fixture Units - Is a quantity in terms of which the load producing effects on the plumbing system of
different kinds of plumbing fixtures are expressed on some arbitrarily chosen scale.

Fixture Unit Flow Rate -Is the total discharge flow in gallons per minute of a simple fixture divided by
7.5gallons that provides the flow rate of that particular plumbing fixture as a unit of flow. Fixtures are
rated as multiple of this unit of flow.

Flood Level - Is a device located inside the tank for the purpose of maintaining water level for effective
flushing of the water closet.

Ferrule - A metallic sleeve called or otherwise joined to an opening in pipe into which a plug is screwed
that can be removed for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe.

Flush Valve - Is a device located at the bottom of the tank for flushing water closets and similar fixtures.
Flushometer Valve - Is a device which discharges a predetermined quantity of water to the fixture for
flushing purposes activated by direct water pressure.

Grade - is the slope or fall of pipe in reference to a fraction of an inch per foot length of pipe.

Group Vent - A branch vent that performs its function for two or more traps.

Horizontal Pipe-Means any pipe or fitting which makes an angle of more than 45° with the vertical.

Invert - Is the lowest portion of the inside of any pipe or conduit that is not vertical.

Liquid Waste - Is the discharge from any fixture, appliances or appurtenance in connection with a
plumbing system which does not receive fecal matter.

Local vent pipe- is a pipe on the fixture side of the trap through which vapor or foul air is removed from
a room of fixture.

Looped Vent- is the same as circuit vent except that is loops back and connects with a stack vent instead
of a vent stack.

Lateral- in plumbing, it is a secondary pipe. In sewage, a common sewer to which no other common
sewer is tributary. It receives sewage only from building sewer.

Main- the main of any system of continuous piping is the principal artery of the system to which
branches may be connected.

Main sewer- is a sewer line or system directly controlled by public authority.

Main vent- is the principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches may be connected.

Plumbing fixtures- are installed receptacles, devices, or appliances which are suppled with water, or
which receives or discharges liquid borne waste, with or without discharge into drainage system which
maybe directly or indirectly connected.

Plumbing system- the plumbing system includes the water supply distribution pipes. Plumbing fixtures
and traps, soil, waste and vent pipes, house drain and house sewers including their property lines of
premises, and water treating or water using equipment.

Relief vent- a relief vent’s primary function is to provide circulation of air between drainage and vent
systems.

Re-vent pipe- a re-vent pipe (sometimes called individual vent) is that part of the vent pipeline which
connects directly with an individual waste or group of wastes, underneath or back of the fixture, and
extend either to the main or branch vent pipe.

Riser - Is a water supply pipe which extend vertically one full storey or more to convey water to
branches or fixtures.
Rough-In - Is the installation of all parts of the plumbing system which can be completed prior to the
installation of fixtures. This includes drainage, water supply, vent piping and the necessary fixture
supports.

Return-Bend - An open return bend usually within-side threads, but applied also to 180° bend in pipe.

Public Sewèr - Is a common sewer directly controlled by public authorities where all abutters have equal
rights of connection.

Sanitary Sewage -The sewage containing human excrement and liquid household waste. It is also called
domestic sewage.

Sanitary Sewer - A sewer intended to receive sanitary sewage with or without industrial wastes and
without the admixture of surface water, storm water or drainage.

Secondary Branch - Any branch in a building drain other than the primary branch.

Sewerage of Sewage work - Is a comprehensive term including all construction or collection,

transportation, pumping, treatment and final disposition of sewage.

Siamese Connection - is a Y connection used on fire lines so that two lines of hose maybe connected to a
hydrant or to the same nozzle.

Standpipe - A vertical pipe usually used for the storage of water, frequently under pressure.

Side Vent - is a vent connecting to the drain pipe through a fitting at an angle not greater that 45° or to
the vertical.

Soil Pipe -Is any pipe that conveys the discharge of water closets or fixture having similar functions, with
or without the discharge from other fixtures, to the building drains (house drain) or building sewer
(house sewer)

Stack - Is the vertical main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipe.

Stack Group - Is a term applied to the location of fixtures in relation to the stack so that by means of
proper fittings, vents may be reduced to a minimum.

Stack Vent - A stack vent is the extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain
connected to the stack. It is sometimes called waste vent or soil vent.

Stack Venting - Is a method of venting a fixture or fixtures through the soil or waste stack.

Subsoil Drain - Are underground drain pipes that receive sub-surface or seepage water only and convey
it to a place of disposal.

Sump - A pit or receptacle at a low point to which the liquid waste are drained.
Trap - Is a fitting or device so designed as to provide when properly vented a liquid seal that will prevent
the back passage of air without materially affecting the flow of sewage through it.

Trap Seal - Is the maximum vertical depth of liquid that trap will retain, measured between the crown
weir and top of the dip of the trap.

Vent Stack - Is a vertical pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing circulation of air to
different parts of the drainage system.

Vent System - Is a pipe or pipes installed to provide a flow or circulation of air within the plumbing
system to protect trap seals siphoning and back pressure.

Vertical Pipe - Is å pipe installed in a vertical position or at an angle of not more than 45° with the
vertical.

Waste Pipe - Is a pipe that conveys liquid waste from fixture that is free of fecal matter.

Water distributing pipe- water distributing pipe in a building or premises, is a pipe that conveys water
from the water service pipe to the plumbing fixtures and other water outlets.

Water service pipe- is the pipe from the water main or other source of water supply to the building
served.

Water supply system- the water supply of a building or premises consists of the water service pipe, the
water distributing pipes, and the necessary connecting pipes, fitting, control valves, and all
appurtenance in or adjacent to the building or premises.

Wet vent- is a vent that receives the discharge from wastes other than water closet.