RESERVOIR

ENGINEERING II
RETROGRADE CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
MATERIAL BALANCE EQUATION
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
The molar balance, whose terms are to be converted into volumes.

For the moles of hydrocarbons in-place at any time we have:

For the moles of hydrocarbons initially-in-place:

Where:
z2 = the two-phase z-factor of the hydrocarbons in-place
z2i = the two-phase z-factor at initial conditions.
MATERIAL BALANCE EQUATION
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
The cumulative production of hydrocarbon moles is made up of moles of
dry gas and moles of liquid condensate. As the condensate/gas ratio of
the produced reservoir gas depends on the reservoir pressure and thus is
no longer constant, the cumulative molar hydrocarbon production now
becomes:
MATERIAL BALANCE EQUATION
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
The number of hydrocarbon moles initially-in-place is given by:

Combining equations we can get the next ratio:

MATERIAL BALANCE EQUATION
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
Substituting we can get the general material balance equation for gas-
condensate reservoirs. It closely resembles the wet-gas equation except
for a condensate correction term that accounts for the declining
condensate/gas ratio.

Re-arranging the equation, we obtain for the fractional recovery of dry

gas.
MATERIAL BALANCE EQUATION
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
Because of the condensate drop-out the fractional recovery of
condensate is no longer equal to the dry-gas fractional recovery. It
follows from the dry-gas recovery and the cumulative condensate/gas
ratio as shown below.

For volumetric reservoirs the equation is:

MATERIAL BALANCE EQUATION
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
the recovery efficiency for dry-gas and condensate, respectively, are given
as:

From the initial pressure down to the dewpoint pressure the condensate
terms does not exist and p/z2 is a linear and explicit function of the
fractional recovery of dry gas.
Below the dewpoint pressure the condensate terms cause a departure of this
linear relationship, particularly at the lower pressures. Since the cumulative
condensate/gas ratio depends on pressure.
SOLVING VOLUMETRIC GAS
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
Suppose we wish to solve the equation at any discrete pressure levels pj
(j=1,…..,n) of which p1=pi and pj<Pj-1. Let the fractional dry gas recovery and
the cumulative molar condensate/ gas ratio at the j-th pressure level pj be given
by (Gp/G)j and (RMLGp)j, respectively. The fractional recovery of dry gas at the
next lower pressure level Pj+1 can be obtained by the following iteration
procedure.
1. Estimate (Gp/G)j+1 by assuming a linear p/z2 versus Gp/G relation and thus
ignoring the condensate term.

2. Calculate RMLGp by numerical integration of the following equation with the

trapezoidal rule.
SOLVING VOLUMETRIC GAS
CONDENSATE RESERVOIR
3. Calculate a new Gp/G using RMLGp of the step 2 by:

The condensate recovery follows directly from:

4. Check the accuracy of the newly calculated Gp/G. if satisfactory then

proceed with next pressure, or else repeat step 2 and 3 with the last
calculated Gp/G.
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
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