Intersection And Its Types

G. Bhargav
160716732046
 Contents
• Introduction

• Types Of Intersection

• Level Of Intersection Control

• Design Principles Of Intersection

 What is an Intersection?
• Generally an intersection is defined as the
general area where two or more highways join
or cross
• Its main function is to guide vehicles to their
respective direction.
• The importance of design of intersection
stems from the fact that efficiency of
operation, safety, speed, cost of operation and
capacity are directly governed by the design
 Intersection
• Traffic Intersections are complex locations on
highway this is because vehicles moving in
different directions want to occupy same
space at same time. In addition the
pedestrians also seek same space for crossing.
• It is believed that well over half the fatal and
serious road accidents in built up areas occurs
at junction.
 Types Of Intersections
• An intersection where all roadways join or cross
at the same level is known as at grade
Intersection.
• An intersection layout which permits crossing
manoeuvres at different levels is known as grade
separated intersection.
• The choice between an at grade and grade
separated junction at a particular site depends
upon various factors such as traffic, economy,
safety etc.
Grade Separated Intersection
 Level Of Intersection Control

• Passive control: when the volume of traffic is

less no explicit control is required. Here the
road users are required to obey basic rules.
• Example: Traffic Signs, road markings etc.
• Semi Control: In semi control drivers are
gently guided to avoid conflicts.
• Active Control: Road users will be forced to
follow path suggested by traffic control.
 Design Principles Of Intersection

• The number of intersections should be kept

minimum. If necessary some minor roads may be
connected with each other before joining major
road.
• The geometric layout should be selected that
hazardous movements by drivers are eliminated.
• The design should permit the driver to discren
quickly either from the layout he should follow
actions of merging and diverging.
• This can be achieved by a good layout, Traffic
islands, signs and carriage way markings.
• The layout should follow natural vehicle paths.
• The number of conflict points should be
minimised by separating so many of cutting,
merging or diverging movements.
• Vehicles that are forced to wait in order to
cross traffic stream should be provided with
adequate space at junction.