Activated carbons

are fabricated from coffee residue

Name: 黎 話 玄
Advisor: Prof. JARRN-HORNG LIN   
CONTENT

Purpose

Experimental design

Materials

Analyzers
 Purpose

• Using coffee residue to fabricate activated carbon …

Precursor Activated carbon = Carbon + Pores

• Controlling temperature and the time range to get:

Highest carbon content
Suitable pore structure to fixed to application
CONTENT

Purposes

Experimental design

Materials

Analyzers
 Experimental

Temperature/ He

Carbon + Pores = Activated carbon

Gasifying agents/
Temperature
 Experimental

Treating
Washing Drying by temp /gas Analyzing

Flow rate : 100cc.min-1

He Air
300oC
Furnace

T tube He/gases precursors

300 – 700⁰C
time
2hr 2hr

C + O2  CO2
C + O2  CO
 Experimental

Carbon + Pores = Activated carbon

IR
XRD BET
“Boehm”
TGA SEM
titration
CONTENT

Purposes

Experimental design

Materials

Analyzers
 Materials
• Precursor : coffee residue

• Washing solution: water

• Gases : air (N2 /O2)

CONTENT

Purposes

Experimental design

Materials

Analyzers
 Analyzers

Carbon + Pores = Activated carbon

IR
XRD BET
“Boehm”
TGA SEM
titration

Carbon appearance
Carbon
Analyzers
XRD
X – ray diffraction studies
2Ѳ = 10 - 80⁰C ( 2⁰/min)
X – ray diffraction curve
TGA
Phases of silica

Graphitic structure

24⁰ 44⁰
Carbon
Analyzers
TGA
Thermogravimetric analysis
30 – 800⁰C/ N2 flow rate (10⁰C/min) The mass loss thermograms
XRD -TGA plots at different time and mass loss (%)
Mass loss (%)
- Dehydration steps of materials = pyrolysis behavior
Volatile matters

Tars

Carbonized materials

Ash

Time
A. Reffas et al, Journal of Hazardous Materials (2009), page 6
 Analyzers

Carbon + Pores = Activated carbon

IR
TGA BET
“Boehm”
XRD SEM
titration

Carbon appearance Non – porous material

Pore structure
Pores
BET Analyzers
Brunauer Emmet and Teller N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherms
Samples are out-gases at 200⁰C Specific area value
SEM N₂ flow/ 3hr Types of
isotherms -
BET equation

Pore size Shape of porous

distributions structures

Pore Specific surface

diameters area (S BET
BET ))

Pore
volume
Pores
SEM Analyzers
Scanning Electron Microscopy
BET
SEM images

Morphology of materials : heterogeneous or homogeneous surface

Particles of impurities washing residue

SEM images displays macropores (2 – 5µm diameter) or smooth

surface

A. Reffas et al, Journal of Hazardous Materials (2009), page 6

 Analyzers

Carbon + Pores = Activated carbon

IR
TGA BET
“Boehm”
XRD SEM
titration

Non – porous material Surface functional groups

Carbon appearance
Pore structure
 IR
Analyzers
Boehm
Infrared spectroscopy
T⁰ room (400 – 4000 cm-1 wavenumber) IR spectra
0.6mg Activated Carbon + 200mg KBr ( 350MPa)

Characteristic  Combine to “Boehm titration” …

Acidic func groups

Basic func groups ?

Useful to explain adsorption ability

Choosing the suitable pollutants.

 Conclusions

TGA
Coffee residue
XRD
Suitable
Gases / chemicals BET Applications

SEM
Temperature
IR

Useful activated carbons

Thank for your attention