GEd 109

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY &

SOCIETY

ASST. PROF. AMELIA D. COMIA

3 Blessed be God, even the Father of
our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of
mercies, and the God of all comfort.
4 Who comforteth us in all tribulation,
that we may be able to comfort them
which are in any trouble, by the
comfort wherewith we ourselves are
comforted of God.
 Science, technology and society (STS)
is the study of the relationships
between society, politics and culture.

 Science, technology and society (STS)

is an interdisciplinary program of
study that focuses on understanding
the relationship between scientific
developments and the everyday lives
of people.
What is Science?
 How does science and technology work
together?

Technology uses science to solve

problems,andscience uses technology
to make new discoveries. ...
The goal of technology is to find
solutions to practical problems.
Although they have different
goals, science and technology
work hand in hand, and each helps
the other advance.
 Science and technology have a major
impact on society, and their impact is
growing. ...
 By making life easier, science has
given man the chance to pursue
societal concerns such as ethics,
aesthetics, education, and justice; to
create cultures; and to
improve human conditions.
I. GENERAL CONCEPTS AND STS
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS

A. HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS IN THE WORLD

B. INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT

DEFINED SOCIETY

C. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND NATION

BUILDING
 START-UP ACTIVITY

GROUP WORK

LIST THE DIFFERENT INVENTIONS

OF FILIPINOS AND FOREIGNERS, AND
THE IMPORTANCE OF THESE
INVENTIONS.
ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA - place where man’s
bewilderment and scientific view of the globe
started
MESOPOTAMIA (from the Greek, meaning
'between two rivers') - an ancient region
located in the eastern Mediterranean bounded
in the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and
in the southeast by the Arabian Plateau,
corresponding to today's IRAQ, mostly, but
also parts of modern-day Iran, Syria and
Turkey.
On set of new discoveries in agriculture and
writing - inhabitants of the earth had ample
time to focus in their studies and the
instruments to hand in the results of those
studies to succeeding generations.

Early scientific studies- brought about by

man’s fascination with objects of the night

From the age 4,000 BC, the high priest of

Sumeria scrutinized the stars, and vast
records of such endeavors were inscribed on
tablets that were made of clay.
OLD TABLET SHOWING THE EVIDENCES OF THE
GREAT KNOWLEDGE IN TRIANGLES WITH
RIGHT- ANGLE FEATURES
Thales of Miletus -
- Enamored with the stars
- ( 585 BC) foresaw the occurrence of a rare
solar eclipse which showed the tremendous
knowledge with approaches relating to science
with the aid of early findings from Babylonians

- Ancient Greece – could not be considered a

single state consisting of many territories but
could be termed as a variety of city-states just
bould together by race
ATHENS – center of learning
Aristotle - Greek Philosopher
– keen learner but he did not engage
in the conduct of experiments
Greek Technologists
Archimedes – an engineer who detected
the characteristics of liquids such as fluids
Learning of Alexandria, near the Nile River
Eratosthenes -tinkered with the Earth’s
breath and width
Ctesibius – constructed precise clocks
Prodigious librarians of Alexandria- made a
collection of the most precoius books to be
found at the time
 DIFFERENT PACE OF CHINA – development of
science happened
 Chinese invented gunpowder
 MADE
1. fireworks
2. rockets
3. metals
4. guns
Invented the first
- seismograph
- compass
Chinese astronomers in 1054 AD, observed
the passage of a supernova

Many of the most advanced technology in

India
in the first millennium AD
- spinning wheel , first used by
Indians

Indian farming techniques- superior even to

Chinese

Brilliant Indian mathematicians- responsible

for the development of the Arabic Number
System
750 AD- the capital of the Islamic Caliphate
was moved from Damascus to Baghdad – City
of Iraq
Caliph – founded the House of Wisdom abiding
with the Islamic saying
“The ink of a scholar is more holy than the
blood of a martyr ’’
Main purpose– to be a great library and
formidable center of research
Year 850- the great library founded in
Baghdad became a fine rival to the
Alexandrian library
 GREAT ARAB SCIENTISTS
Alhazen – wrote the book about optics
( comparable with the work of Newton)
Al-Razi- a physician who formulated soap
and made distinctions between smallpox
and measles
Al-Khwarizmi- introduced Algebra and
algorithms
Al-Jazari – an engineer who was the first to
use rod systems still found in cars today
Arab chemists- discovered distillation , and
formulated words, such as alkali and
alcohol
AL-SUFI – lover of astronomy who was a fan of
Ptolemy

PTOLEMY - Latin in full Claudius Ptolemaeus

(fl. AD 127-145, Alexandria), ancient
astronomer, geographer, and mathematician
who considered the Earth the center of the
universe (the "Ptolemaic system"). Virtually
nothing is known about his life.

Science of Astronomy - great use to Arabic

nomads who used such knowledge of the
heavenly bodies to navigate their tireless
camels across the Arabian desert esp. in the
middle of he night
Golden Age of the Islamic Period-
allowed form the blossoming of the
sciences in the
750’s , lasted for more than 5
centuries

- provided the basis for experiments

to flourish and allowed the used of
modern scientific ways
For many centuries, many intellectuals including
the Catholic church thought that the EARTH
was the epicenter of all heavenly objects
NICOLAUS COPERNICUS- doctor from Poland , had
an idea in 1532 that it was the SUN which was
the center of the solar system

COPERNICAN MODEL – had a great impact on

succeeding men of science

JOHANNES KEPLER – German astrologer who

observed the elliptical orbits of Mars
In 1610, GALILEO GALILEI , an Italian who
identified around the four moons of the
planet Jupiter, which marked the dawn of a
new age in cosmology with the use of more
powerful telescopes

COSMOLOGY - a branch of astronomy

concerned with the studies of the origin and
evolution of the universe, from the Big Bang
to today and on into the future.
- the scientific study of the origin, evolution,
and eventual fate of the universe
GALILEO GALILEI - showed the utilization of
scientific data by conducting the experiments
CHRISTIAAN HUYGENS – Dutchman, took
advantage of Galileo’s ideas with the pendulum
and soon built the first pendulum clock in
1657
FRANCIS BACON- European, an English
Philosopher , made a pitch for the use of
scientific method
- laid a strong foundation for a wooden
science that is grounded on observation and
experiment
 ACCELERATION OF NEW DISCOVERIES

ROBERT BOYLE – air pump

ISAAC NEWTON – English physicist, theories of light
travel
OLE ROMER - Danish astronomer, calculations on
the approximate speed of light

BISHOP NICOLAS STENO – made inroads into modern

science and developed his own thinking in the
fields of anatomy and geology
- studied rock layers, which established a new
scientific ground for the emerging science of
geology
 THE AGE OF MICRO-BEINGS
1600 s –saw the growth of new technological
development

Ducthmakers of eyeglass - produced the very first

microscopes
Robert Hooke – in late 1600 , using his own