MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS

ASSIGNMENT -2
Vibration Analysis of a Motorbike to find Transmission to Hands and Back
(Project Based Learning)

SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED BY : SUBMITTED TO :
NIKHIL A P R15ME188 Asst Prof. SHARATH KUMAR G S
PRADEEP R R16ME189
RAKESH R R16ME217
RAMESH K Y R16ME219
In machines the analysis of vibration is of greater concern. As vibrations
imparts a major role in the failure of system and in disturbing the human
comfort so vibration analysis and its transmissibility to the various parts of
the contacted surfaces is very important. In this study both vibrations and
acceleration transmissibility are considered as along with the force the
magnitude of the transmission is also significant. The Engine in the
motorbike is the source of vibration because of the reciprocating motion of
the piston in the cylinder and the motion of crank case mechanism. These
vibrations are then transmitted to the human spinal cord, back, legs and
necks etc. These vibrations are to be measured with the help of
accelerometers by placing them at three positions i.e. handle, seat and
engine surface. And then at certain throttle positions the readings are to be
noted and further analysis is to be made against different gear ratio. It is
then to analyse that for what gear ratio the transmissions are maximized
and meet the vibration standards as set by International organization for
standardization ISO, in order to check the comfort zones. And to take
measures of controlling vibrations and transmission ability factor from the
systems, if any of the uncertainty is seen deviating from the standards.
2.1. Vibration Transmissibility
The extent for measuring the vibration that is transmitted form the source to base of the system
when forcing frequency and natural frequency coincides is known to be as vibration
transmissibility. The transmissibility of vibration in a system is measured in terms of displacement
and force transmissibility.
In the experimental analysis there is a need of minimum vibration transmissibility so that the
comfort level of human being is to be achieved.

2.3. Vibration Analysis Techniques

There are several methods/ techniques for the vibrational analysis of a system. Each
technique has its own features. These techniques are as explained below Time Domain
Techniques Frequency Domain Time- Frequency Domain in which the vibrations in a system
are analysed. The frequency and time domain of vibrational analysis demonstrates the how
significant are the number of vibrations in a system.
2.2. Transmission of Vibration to Human Body
Vibration severity in either machinery or human body is described by International
Organization for Standardization (ISO). It plays a vital role in providing the range of
comfort zone for human being and checking the level of severity of vibration for any
system or machinery. It also provides a range for every parts of human body thus displaying
acceptable level of vibration that is required by the body for avoiding any dis
comfortability. Below here is the figure that displays the acceptable range frequency by the
human parts of body.

Fig. 1 Human body parts frequency ranges

3. Experimental Setup
Motorbike Pulsar NS160 will be used for the conduction of the experiment. The
reciprocating motion of piston into the cylinder is the reason of high vibrations in
the bike and also the motion of camshafts and crank shafts are the other source
of producing vibrations. Such vibrations, will be recorded by using
accelerometers thus placing them at three different positions on the motor bike
i.e. handle, engine and seat.
4. Methodology
The vibration analysis will be carried out on a motor bike and three different
accelerometers will be used for the purpose of taking the readings from the
experimentation. Physics toolbox accelerometer will be the software used for
taking all the reading by accelerometer. Measuring of the magnitude of
acceleration that is to be transmitted from the engine to various other parts of
the bike, is needed to be recorded. Then the acclerometers are calibrated.
After calibration, first by putting the first gear the values of
accelerometers will recorded by changing the throttle position from zero
to maximum slowly in correspondence to the measured time by the
stopwatch. Then the values will be imported onto the Excel files using
Physics toolbox accelerometer software.
After this, the gear is changed to second, third and fourth and by adopting the
same method the values will be recorded by the accelerometers by altering the
throttle position from 0 to 100% for certain interval of time about 10 seconds for
every position i.e. Handle, Seat and Engine of the motorbike. These values will be
saved into the Excel files and then further imported to the Analysis Software i.e.
MATLAB software. By writing the code in the MATLAB the plots and charts will be
drawn about different axes for different sampling rate
5. Results
Based upon the experimental data plotting was made onto the MATLAB and
different trends were obtained between different parameters by adopting
certain number of trials. For a throttle position ranging from 30 to 40% the
magnitude of acceleration was found to be in a range of 27 to 30 mm/s2along
x- direction. By increment of throttle position say 70 to 80% the acceleration
value decreased to 10 to 14 mm/s2. At higher gear ratio the value of
acceleration also increases. Thus for 90% throttle the value of acceleration
was 27 to 30 mm/s2 with a percentage increase of 24%. These trends were
obtained for the horizontal x – axis and almost similar trends were obtained
for the y-axis. Major fluctuations were seen along the z-axis. The value of
acceleration was obtained in a range of 55-60mm/s2 at a throttle position of
42- 45% while it decreases to 50mm/s2 at a throttle position of 95 to 98% and
it was seen for the fourth and fifth trials that the value of acceleration come
out to be 26mm/s2 in a full throttle. The design of bike seat should be in such
a way that minimum amount of transmissibility of force must be there so that
the comfort of human body must be in accordance.
Fig. 2 Graph of accelerations Fig. 3 Graph of accelerations for handle along y-direction
for engine

Fig. 13 Graph of accelerations for seat along z-direction