MARGINALISATION

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What does it mean to be Socially To be marginalized is to be forced to occupy
Marginalized: 01 the sides or fringes and thus not be at the
Centre of things.

Sometimes marginalized groups are viewed

02 with hostility and fear.

There is a sense of difference & exclusion

03 which leads to communities not having access
to resources & opportunities & in their
inability too assert their rights.

To make certain groups in society feel

04 marginalized, there are economic, social,
cultural and political factors. Thus,
marginalization is seldom experienced in one
sphere.
 The term ‘Adivasis’ refers to the ‘original
WHO WERE ADIVASIS? inhabitants’. They are communities who lived and
often continue to live in close association with
forests.

Around 8% of India’s population is 01

Adivasi. There are over 500 different
Adivasi groups in India, They are not a
homogeneous population. 04

Many of India’s most important mining and industrial

areas are situated in Adivasi areas. 03
Adivasis worship ancestors, own village and nature
spirits. They have been influenced by different religions,
like Shakta, Buddhist, Vaishnav, Bhakti and
02
Christianity.
ADIVASIS AND STEREOTYPING
Adivasis are invariably portrayed in very
stereotypical ways-in colorful costumes,
headgear and through their dancing.

.
Adivasis are blamed for their lack of
advancement as they are believed to be
resistant to change or new ideas.

People believe that the Adivasis are exotic

and belong to primitive and backward
background.
 INVOKING FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
Many among them look up to the Constitution to address their concerns.
Fundamental Rights are the basic Adivasis, Dalits, Muslims, women and
rights given to every individual of a other marginal groups argue that simply
nation which every person is entitled 3. by being citizens of a democratic country,
to have being a human. 4. they possess equal rights that must be
2.
respected.

Fundamental Rights are

The Fundamental Constitutional
enshrined in the constitution and 1. 5.
Rights are equally available to all
has been inspires from American
Indians including marginalized
constitution.
groups.
 MINORITIES AND MARGINALISATION

Safeguards are needed to protect minority

It encompasses issues of power, communities against the possibility of being
access to resources and has social & 2. 3. culturally dominated by the majority. They
cultural dimensions. also protect them against any discrimination
& disadvantage that they may face.

The term minority is most commonly 1. 4. The Constitution provides these

used to refer to communities that are safeguards because it is committed to
numerically small in relation to the rest protecting India’s cultural diversity
of the population. and promoting equality as well as
justice.
 ADIVASIS AND DEVELOPMENT
Forests play a crucial role in the development of all For the past two hundred years, Adivasis have been
empires and settled civilization in India. As they provide forced through economic changes, forest policies and
with Metal ores- iron & copper, gold & silver
3. political force applied by State to migrate as
workers in plantations, industries and as domestic
4.
workers.
Adivasis had deep knowledge of forest. Often
empires heavily depended on Adivasis for the 2.
crucial access to forest resources. Forest lands have been cleared for timber and
5. to get land for agriculture and industry.
In the pre-colonial world, they were
traditionally ranged hunter-gatherers and 1.
nomads and they lived by shifting agriculture
and cultivating at one place.
 Protecting the Rights of Dalits and Adivasis
The Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of
Atrocities) Act was framed in 1989 to protect Dalits and Adivasis
against the domination and violence of the powerful castes
Our country has specific laws that guard against the
discrimination and exploitation of marginalized
communities. This Act distinguishes several levels of crimes.

In the 1970’s and 1980’s, Adivasi people successfully

organized themselves and demanded equal rights It lists-modes of humiliation that are both
and for their land resources to be returned to physically horrific and morally reprehensible.
them.

A number of assertive Dalit groups came into being and asserted their
rights-they refused to perform their so-called caste duties and insisted
on being treated equally.
 LAWS FOR THE MARGINALIZED GROUPS
There are specific laws and policies for
the marginalized groups in our country.
The government makes an effort to
promote such policies to give
opportunities to specific groups.
The government tries to promote
social justice by providing for free or
subsidized hostels for the students of
Dalit and Adivasi communities.
Laws related to wages, cultural rights,
educational rights, and rights against
exploitation have been formed for
Marginalized groups.
05
Governments across India have their
01 list of Scheduled Castes or Dalits,
Scheduled Tribes and backward and
most backward castes. The central
government too has its list.
02
Students applying to educational
institutions and those applying for posts
in government are expected to furnish
03
proof of their caste or tribe status, in the
form of caste and tribe certificates
04
 MUSLIMS AND MARGINALISATION
Muslims are 13.4% of India’s population
and are considered to be a
marginalized community in India.

They have over the years been deprived of the benefits

of socio-economic development, of basic amenities,
literacy and public employment.
Recognizing that Muslims in India were lagging behind in
terms of various development in indicators, the government
set up a high-level committee in 2005.
According to the Report of average years of schooling,
for Muslim children between ages of 7-16 is much lower
than that of other socio-religious communities

The report of the community suggests that Muslim

community is comparable to that of other marginalized
communities like Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
 The 1989 Act is important because Adivasi refer to it to defend their right to occupy
1 land that was traditionally theirs.

2 Adivasis often unwilling to move from their land, are forcibly displaces.

This act merely confirms that the land belonging to the tribal people cannot be sold to
3 or bought by non-tribal people.

Adivasis demands for their tribal rights to be preserved and their forest rights to be
4 conserver which they had inherited.

By formulating Acts Indian government tried to stop exploitation of tribals in the

5 hands of forest official as well.
 CONCLUSION

Marginalization results in having a low social status and not

having equal access to education and other resources.

In India, there are several more marginalized communities like Dalits.

Marginalization is often linked to experiencing disadvantage,

prejudice and powerlessness.

There are different reasons for each of the communities being

marginalized, each experiences marginalization in different ways.
Infographic Style

1.
Marginalization means when a certain person or a set of people are made to fell
lesser importance , by those in power Marginalized person are forced to the
periphery or the edge of the society.

2.

This in turn, robs them the facilites and opportunities enjoyed by the
non-marginalized sections of the society. It starts a chain of events that
only further the flight of the marginalized. Their demands are usually
overhead and their desires and dreams are suppressed by the society
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