Four Pics

One Word
Guess what specific word fits with the theme of
the photos presented.
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EXPERIMENT
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PROBABILITY
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VARIABLE

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 Learning Targets
 Define and illustrate random variables.

 Distinguish between discrete and

continuous random variable.

 Find possible values of a random variable.

 Essential Question

How can probability be applied in decision

making?

How is this variable, as described in

algebra, different to a random variable?
 Unlock
terms
Let us first recall the following terms:
Experiment, Outcome, Sample Space, Event, Probability
 EXPERIMENT

Any activity or procedure that

can be infinitely repeated which
generates a set of possible
outcomes.

OUTCOME

The result of a single trial of an

experiment
 SAMPLE SPACE

A collection of all possible

outcomes in a given experiment
and is denoted by the symbol S.

EVENT

Subset of a sample space.

 PROBABILITY

A measure quantifying the

likelihood that events will occur.

Tells us how often some event

will happen after many repeated
trials.

The everyday language of chance.

 Let’s Try

A spinner has 4 equal sectors

colored orange, blue, green and
red. What are the chances of
landing on blue after spinning the
spinner? What are the chances of
landing on red?
 Let’s Try

Experiment: spinning the spinner

Outcome: orange, blue, green or

red.

Event: One event of this

experiment is landing on
blue.

Probability: The probability of

landing on blue is one
fourth.
What do you want to be in the
future?

What are the chances that you

will be successful in the
future?
 Essential Question no. 1

How can probability be applied in decision

making?
 Activity

Listed below are some events taking place in reality. Estimate the
probability of these events occurring and in each case choose one from
the items listed on the right.

1. It snows in the Philippines. No Chance

2. You win in the Mega Lotto. Small Chance
3. The next child is a baby boy. 50% Chance
4. You pass in your statistics subject. Big Chance
5. Tossing a coin results in a tail. Certain
 Random
variables
Define and illustrate random variables.
 RANDOM VARIABLE

A quantitative variable that is

derived from the outcomes of a
random experiment.

Denoted by capital letters: X, Y,

Z and the specific values is
denoted by small letters.
 EXAMPLE
1. In tossing a coin, the number
of times the coin turns up a
tail is an example of a random
variable.
2. Suppose 2 dice are rolled. The
sum of the two numbers that
face up is an example of a
random variable.
3. The spinner is spun 20 times.
The number of times that the
spinner stops at color red is an
example of a random variable.
 Let’s Try

Solve for what is asked.

1. In the coin tossing game, what

is the chance that in the first
toss of a coin, we get a head?

2. If we take the case of tossing

a coin twice, what is the
chance we get a head?
 Let’s Try

Solve for what is asked.

3. The number of letters in each

word appearing in the
statement “ I love you very
much”.

4. The number of students absent

in the class for a period of one
week.
 The set of all possible
outcomes in a random
experiment is called SAMPLE
SPACE
 Let us determine the sample space for different
probability experiments

Example 1: What is the sample space of rolling a die?

Answer: A die has six faces numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.

The sample space therefore is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6}.

Example 2: A die is rolled and a coin is flipped. What is the
sample space of the experiment?
Answer: The sample space contains the combination of
the coin turning up head or tail and dice turning 1-6.
Here is the list of outcomes in the sample space:

Head-1 Tail-1
Head-2 Tail-2
Head-3 Tail-3
Head-4 Tail-4
Head-5 Tail-5
Head-6 Tail-6
 Random
variables
Distinguish between discrete and continuous random variable.
Find possible values of a random variable.
 2 TYPES OF RANDOM
VARIABLE

Discrete Random Variable

Can take only whole number

values, outcomes that are
countable (finite).
 2 TYPES OF RANDOM
VARIABLE

Continuous Random Variable

Can take on non-integers as they

take on values contained in an
interval or an infinite range of
values.
 Discrete Random Variables Continuous Random Variables

Examples: Examples:

Number of daily grocery shoppers Height

Number of calls Weight
People in line Time
Mistakes per page Volume
Number of defective parts Depth
 Essential Question no.2

How is this variable, as described in

algebra, different to a random variable?
 Activity

Think of at least 3 examples of each type of random variable.

After 3 minutes, share one example of each type until all of the students
have shared to the class. Make sure the example given is not repeated per
student.
 Let’s Try
Find possible values of the
random variable in each situation
and identify its type.

1. The number of children in a

family.
2. Suppose that five cards are
drawn from a deck, one at a time,
without replacement. Let X =
the number of times an ace is
drawn from the experiment.
What are the possible values of
X?
 Let’s Try
Find possible values of the
random variable in each situation
and classify its type.

3. Ten children were asked to solve

the Rubik’s cube. The time it
took for them to complete the
puzzle is summarized in the table
below.
Time (min) <1 1-2 2-3 >3
Number of 2 4 3 1
children
 Formative Test no. 1
Determine the random variables as discrete or continuous.

1. The exact amount of rainfall in Metro Manila yesterday.

2. The year of birth of a random customer of a toy store.
3. The exact mass of a randomly selected new born baby.
4. Number of children in a randomly chosen family
5. A random person’s height.
6. Age (in years) of a randomly selected SSC student.
7. Number of grains of sand on the beach.
8. The exact amount of time a swimmer needed to finish a 50-meter
swim.
9. The number of babies born in a hospital per day.
10. The number of packs of candies a grocery store sells in a day.